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Tudors > Elizabeth and Religion > Flashcards

Elizabeth and Religion Flashcards

1
Q

What were the 4 factors in finalising Elizabeth’s religious settlement?

A
  • Her own religious aims
  • Foreign affairs
  • Protestants and Catholics
  • Finances
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2
Q

What 2 acts made up the Religious Settlement?

A

Act of Supremacy and Act of Uniformity

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3
Q

What did Elizabeth use throughout her reign?

A

An English bible

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4
Q

What did the 1559 Act of Uniformity restore?

A

The 1552 Second Book of Common Prayer

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5
Q

What Catholic element liked by QE was kept?

A

Music in Church services

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6
Q

Why did QE walk out of Xmas mass in 1558?

A

The officiating bishop raised the host against her wishes - transubstantiation

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7
Q

What Protestant tradition hated by QE was kept?

A

Clerical marriage

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8
Q

What religious situation did the Settlement create?

A

A via media

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9
Q

What did England lose on the 7th January 1558?

A

Calais

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10
Q

How did QE believe England could regain Calais?

A

By England not becoming too Protestant

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11
Q

What was signed in April 1559?

A

The Treaty of Cateau Cambresis

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12
Q

What was agreed in the Treaty of Cateau Cambresis?

A

That Calais would be returned to England after 8 years if they did nothing to forfeit it by then

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13
Q

Who returned to England as soon as Mary died?

A

Marian exiles

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14
Q

How did bishops appointed by Mary halt QE’s settlement?

A

They were able to defeat her first proposals in the Lords

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15
Q

What did QE repeal, satisfying Protestants?

A

Heresy laws

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16
Q

What did QE dissolve, satisfying Protestants?

A

Monasteries

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17
Q

What book was reintroduced, satisfying Protesants?

A

The 1552 2nd Book of Common Prayer

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18
Q

How did the Act of Supremacy after QE’s title?

A

She became Supreme Governor, not Supreme Head

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19
Q

Why was the Act of Supremacy not passed first time?

A

All 17 bishops in the Lords voted against it

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20
Q

What 2 bishops did QE send to the tower after the Act of Supremacy was initially rejected?

A

Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester

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21
Q

What was the result of the 2nd vote on the Act of Supremacy?

A

21-18 in favour

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22
Q

What was omitted from the Prayer Book, satisfying Catholics?

A

The Black Rubric

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23
Q

Whose threat was reduced after QE created a via media?

A

Mary Queen of Scots

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24
Q

What was included in the Settlement which kept Catholic traditions?

A

Royal Injunctions

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25
Q

What taxes were to paid to QE according to the Settlement?

A

First Fruits and Tenths

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26
Q

What see was left empty for 41 of 45 years?

A

Oxford

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27
Q

Who was QE’s first Archbishop of Canterbury from 1559 to 1575?

A

Matthew Parker

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28
Q

Who was QE’s 2nd Archbishop of Canterbury from 1775-83?

A

Edmund Grindal

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29
Q

Who was QE’s 3rd Archbishop of Canterbury from 1583 to 1604?

A

John Whitgift

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30
Q

Who was Matthew Parker chaplain to?

A

Anne Boleyn - QE’s mother

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31
Q

Why was Matthew Parker untainted with Genevan ideas?

A

He was not a marian exile

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32
Q

What did Matthew Parker oversee the passage of?

A

The 39 Articles

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33
Q

What were the 39 Articles?
When were the 39 Articles finalised?

A

Doctrines and practices of the Church of England
1571

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34
Q

What did Matthew Parker resist the demands of?

A

To make the 39 Articles more Protestant

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35
Q

What did Matthew Parker issue as a compromise in the Vestments Controversy?

A

Advertisements

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36
Q

Who had Edmund Grindal been chaplain to?

A

Nicholas Ridley - Marian burning

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37
Q

What had Edmund Grindal done during Mary’s reign?

A

Fled England

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38
Q

What book did Edmund Grindal work on?

A

Foxe’s Book of Martyrs

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39
Q

What did Edmund Grindal do in 1576?

A

Refused to ban prophesyings

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40
Q

What was Edmund Grindal’s punishment for refusing to ban prophesyings?

A

He was suspended and placed under house arrest for 6 months

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41
Q

What did John Whitgift use to ensure conformity?

A

The Court of High Commission

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42
Q

What did John Whitgift introduce, which 400 clergy refused to swear on?

A

3 Articles - 1583

43
Q

What did John Whitgift clamp down on?

A

The Martin Marprelates

44
Q

Why did John Whitgift remove Cartwright from his professorship?

A

Cartwright had given a series of lectures attacking the Elizabethan Church

45
Q

What did QE refer to John Whitgift as?

A

Her ‘little black husband’

46
Q

CATHOLIC THREAT

A

CATHOLIC THREAT

47
Q

What are the 4 factors in a question on the Catholic threat?

A
  • Mary Queen of Scots
  • Catholic plots
  • The Pope
  • Jesuits and Douai priests
48
Q

When did Mary Queen of Scots arrive in England?

A

May 1568 on the Cumbrian coast

49
Q

What 3 things meant MQoS threatened QE?

A
  • Catholic
  • Had an heir
  • Had a legitimate claim to the throne
50
Q

Who promoted Mary’s claim to rule?

A

France

51
Q

Whose death in December 1560 meant that MQoS was no longer Queen of France?

A

Francis II

52
Q

Why did Mary refuse to ratify the Treaty of Edinburgh?

A

It would have forced her to give up her claim to the English throne

53
Q

What rebellion happened in 1569 which attempted to put Mary on the throne?

A

The Northern Rebellion/Northern Rising

54
Q

Why was the Northern Rebellion not a big threat?

A

Mary was instantly moved south

55
Q

What years did Parliament pressure QE to execute Mary?

A

1568, 1572 and 1587

56
Q

What 1586 plot led to the execution of Mary?

A

Babington Plot

57
Q

When was Mary executed?

A

8th February 1587

58
Q

What Catholic plot was there in 1571 which attempted to put Mary on the throne?

A

Ridolfi Plot 1571

59
Q

Who did Florentine Banker Ridolfi work with to put Mary on the throne?

A

Spanish Ambassador Don Guerau de Spes

60
Q

What act was introduced after the Ridolfi Plot?

A

The Treason Act

61
Q

Who plotted in 1583 to kill QE and replace her with Mary?

A

Francis Throckmorton

62
Q

Who did Francis Throckmorton work with to kill QE?

A

Spanish Ambassador Don Bernardino de Mendoza

63
Q

What Dutch Protestant leader was assassinated by a Catholic in 1584?

A

William of Orange

64
Q

What did Parliament set up in 1584 which meant that anyone linked to plots against QE could be executed?

A

Bond of Association

65
Q

What was the aim of the Babington Plot?

A

To kill QE and make England Catholic with the help of Spanish troops from the Netherlands

66
Q

What did Pope Pius issue in 1570?

A

The Papal Bull

67
Q

What did the Papal Bull do?

A

It excommunicated QE and said Catholics did not have to recognise her as queen or obey her laws

68
Q

What 1571 act made it illegal to have a copy of the Papal Bull?

A

1571 Treason Act

69
Q

Who was executed in 1571 for having a copy of the Papal Bull?

A

John Felton

70
Q

What did Pope Gregory XIII state in 1580?

A

That anyone attempting to assassinate QE would gain merit

71
Q

Who set up a seminary in Douai to train English Catholics as priests?

A

William Allen

72
Q

When did Douai priests start to arrive in England?

A

1574

73
Q

Who was the 1st Douai priest executed for treason?

A

Cuthbert Mayne 1577

74
Q

How many Douai priests arrived in England in total?

A

279

75
Q

How many Douai priests were executed under the Treason Act?

A

27

76
Q

What were Jesuits?

A

A Spanish order of priests set up to fight Protestantism

77
Q

How many Jesuits arrived in England?

A

600

78
Q

How many Jesuits were executed?

A

133

79
Q

How many Jesuits were imprisoned?

A

300

80
Q

How many Jesuits died in prison?

A

100

81
Q

PROTESTANT THREAT

A

PROTESTANT THREAT

82
Q

What are the 4 factors in a 20 mark question about the threat of Puritanism?

A
  • Puritans in Parliament
  • Puritans in the Church
  • Puritan pamphlets
  • Separatists
83
Q

What were puritans?

A

People who wanted changes to the Settlement

84
Q

When was the term puritan first used?

A

1565

85
Q

When did Walter Strickland propose minor religious reforms in Parliament?

A

April 1571

86
Q

What were some of the reforms proposed by Walter Strickland?

A

Banning weddings rings and other superstitious traditions

87
Q

What was Walter Strickland’s punishment?

A

He was barred from Parliament - allowed back after popular protest

88
Q

Who proposed major religious reforms in Parliament in 1586?

A

Anthony Cope

89
Q

What were some of Anthony Cope’s proposals?

A

Banning bishops and using the Genevan Prayer Book

90
Q

What happened after Cope’s proposals?

A

Cope and 4 others were sent to the tower

91
Q

What were separatists?

A

Puritans unwilling to compromise or participate in the Elizabethan Church

92
Q

What 2 Cambridge graduates set up a separatist church in Norwich in 1580?

A

Robert Browne and Robert Harrison

93
Q

Where did Robert Brown and Robert Harrison go in 1582 after being imprisoned for setting up a separatist church in Norwich?

A

Holland

94
Q

What 2 people set up a separatist church in London?

A

Henry Barrow and John Greenwood

95
Q

What were Henry Barrow and John Greenwood executed for in 1593?

A

Sedition

96
Q

What Puritan Pamphlet was published by John Field and Thomas Wilcox in June 1572?

A

The Admonition to Parliament

97
Q

How long did John Field and Thomas Wilcox spend in Newgate prison for writing the Admonition to Parliament?

A

1 year

98
Q

What did John Field and Thomas Wilcox propose in the Admonition to Parliament?

A

The Genevan Hierarchy replacing the current hierarchy in the Church

99
Q

When were the Martin Marprelates?

A

1580s

100
Q

Why did the Martin Marprelates turn many people against Puritanism?

A

They used extreme language such as calling bishops dumb dogs

101
Q

Why was Thomas Sampson deprived of his position as the Dean of Christ Church Oxford in May 1565?

A

He refused to wear the surplice

102
Q

How many London preachers were sacked in the Vestments Controversy?

A

37

103
Q

By how many votes was the 1563 convocation defeated by, which would have made the Church more puritan?

A

1 vote

104
Q

What two marian exiles were made the Bishops of Salisbury and London respectively?

A

John Jewel Bishop of Salisbury
Edmund Grindal Bishop of London

Tudors (61 decks)

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