EL1

Question 1

Atomic number

Answer 1

number of protons in the nucleus, numerically equal to the charge on the nucleus

Question 2

Mass number

Answer 2

number of protons plus number of neutrons in an atom

Question 3

Isotope

Answer 3

atoms of the same element with different mass number but the same atomic number (different number of neutrons)

Question 4

Relative Isotopic Mass

Answer 4

the mass of an isotope of an element

Question 5

Relative Atomic Mass

Answer 5

an average of the Relative Isotopic Masses, taking abundances into account

Question 6

Mass spectrometry; measures

Answer 6

the atomic or molecular mass of different particles (atoms or molecules) in a sample and the relative abundance of different isotopes of an element

Question 7

Mass spectrometry; process

Answer 7

sample atoms or molecules are ionized to positively charged cations, these are separated according to their mass to charge ratios, they are then detected along with their relative abundance

Question 8

Mass spectrometry; variation

Answer 8

samples may vary in average Ar depending on their source, this is due to different abundances of individual isotopes between samples

Question 9

Mass spectrometry; normalisation

Answer 9

the most abundant ion is given a relative intensity of 100% so that there is a maximum difference between the peak intensities

Question 10

Nuclear fusion; definition

Answer 10

two atomic light nuclei fuse together to form a single heavier nuclei of a new element, huge amounts of energy is released

Question 11

Nuclear fusion; conditions

Answer 11

two nuclei must become very close together, not possible at normal temperatures on Earth (repel) but possible at high temperatures in stars as nuclei move more quickly and collide with lots of energy