EENT

Question 1

Normal Flora:
Paranasal sinuses:
Middle ear:
Pharynx:
URT:
Nose:
Mouth:
Dental Plaque:

Answer 1

1. sterile
2. sterile
3. Strep viridans, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus salivarius, Neisseria sp. ANEROBES strep Pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Cornybacteria
4. sterile
5. Staph. epidermidis, Cornybacterium,
6. Viridans streptococci, Staph epidermidis, Various sterptococci
7. Strep mutans

Question 2

Chronic inflammation of lid margins

Answer 2

Blepharitis

Question 3

Blepharitis treatment

Answer 3

lid scrub unless cellulitis

Question 4

Conjunctivitis etiologies

Answer 4

Viral: adenovirus, HSV
Bacterial: Staph/ Strep
Allergic

Question 5

History:
Viral conjunctivitis:
bac conjunctivitis:

Answer 5

1. “watery discharge, ipsilateral preauricular lymphadenopathy”
2. copious purulent discharge “eyes GLUED shut”

Question 6

Stye – infection in eyelid gland

Answer 6

Staph aureus

I&D

Question 7

• Otitis Media etiologies (3)

Answer 7

1. Strep pneumoniae
2. Homophelous influenzae
3. Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 8

Hordeolum etiology–acute development of small, painful nodule or pustule w/in gland in upper or lower eyelid aka

Answer 8

Staph aureus

stye

Question 9

Otitis Media treatment

Answer 9

Observation 3 DAYS–if doesn’t get better:

1. 1st line Amoxicillin

Question 10

• Labyrinthitis etiolgy (2)

Answer 10

Viral: measels, mumps (most likely from UR infection)
Bacterial: Strep pneumoniae,

Question 11

Most common cause of TEMPORARY VERTIGO (true spinning not dizziness)–may be secondary to otitis–

Answer 11

Labyrinthitis (inflammation of vestibular labyrinth)

Question 12

ear infection may turn into

Answer 12

Acute mastoiditis– strep/staph

Question 13

Mastoiditis treatment

Answer 13

Admission

IV antibiotics

Question 14

Otitis externa aka and etiology

Answer 14

swimmers ear,
bac/fungal
mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 15

Otitis externa treatment

Answer 15

1. debridement

2. topical antibiotic and topical steroid

Question 16

URI

Answer 16

Upper respiratory infection aka common cold

Question 17

URI etiology–Viral

Answer 17

1. Rhinoviruses
2. Coronavirus
3. Influenza virus

Question 18

URI treatment

Answer 18

Symptomatic – self limiting

Question 19

Strep throat etiology

Answer 19

A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (S. pyogenes)

10% of sore throats– “strawberry tongue”

Question 20

Strep physical exam notes (4)

Center Criteria

Answer 20

1. tonsillar exudate (white)
2. Tender ANTERIOR cervical adenopathy vs. mono
3. Fever by history
4. absence of cough

Question 21

Mono:
etiology
S&S

Answer 21

Epstein-Barr virus,

pharyngitis, FATIGUE, LYMPHADENOPATHY, tender POSTERIOR cervical nodes (hallmark)–saliva spread

Question 22

Acute bacterial sinusitis etiology–mager URI players (3)

Answer 22

1. Strep pneumoniae
2. H. influenzae
3. Mraxella catarrhalis

Question 23

acute sinusitis treatment

Answer 23

supportive, rest, fluids, antibiotics for bac

Question 24

acute bacterial sinusitis classic history

Answer 24

“double worsening” day 10-14