EDUCATION: Class and education - Linking internal and external factors

Question 1

CLASS
EXTERNAL - INTERNAL
- Linguistic differences / speech code

Answer 1

EXTERNAL

• MC use both restricted and elaborated speech code at home
• WC likely to only use restricted

INTERNAL

• Language used in schools is similar to elaborated, familiar for MC children
• WC thus fail

Question 2

CLASS
INTERNAL - EXTERNAL
- Labelling

Answer 2

INTERNAL
- Labels based on family background, appearance, language and attitudes placed on children by teachers

EXTERNAL
- Labels are influenced by external factors like materialism or parents’ education

Question 3

CLASS
EXTERNAL - INTERNAL
- Habitus: tastes and attitudes of a student

Answer 3

EXTERNAL
- Habitus of a student constructed by external factors like parents influences

INTERNAL
- If the habits of a student clashes with another, this could impact the childs in-school behaviour

Question 4

CLASS
EXTERNAL - INTERNAL
- Curriculum content

Answer 4

EXTERNAL

• Some subjects like English, history will have content that’s been taught for generations.
• Parents with a higher social class will have a better familiarity and engagement with these topics and thus can help their child better

INTERNAL
- This then causes MC overachievement and WC underachievement

Question 5

RACE / ETHNICITY
EXTERNAL - INTERNAL
- Racism in society

Answer 5

EXTERNAL
- Racism in wider society influences internal factors

INTERNAL
- May influence stereotypical views that some teachers hold. E.g. Chinese overachievement

Question 6

GENDER
EXTERNAL - INTERNAL
- Male role models

Answer 6

EXTERNAL
- Male role models are often portrayed by their physical attributes rather than intellectual ones

INTERNAL
- Means young boys are not encouraged to do well in education, rather in sports

Question 7

GENDER
EXTERNAL - INTERNAL
- Gendered roles

Answer 7

EXTERNAL
- Traditional gender roles which are developed at home influence internal factors

INTERNAL

• Roles are reinforced in school
• Boy teachers replicating socialisation into building for boys
• Female teachers are more likely to teach expressive subjects

Question 8

GENDER
INTERNAL - EXTERNAL
- Teacher expectations

Answer 8

INTERNAL
- Expectations of boys and girls differ

EXTERNAL

• Expectations may change according to wider society
• E.g. higher expectations with girls with the increase in feminism

Question 9

GENDER
INTERNAL - EXTERNAL
- Feminism of education

Answer 9

INTERNAL
- Education has become more feminised and there are more female teachers than male

EXTERNAL
- Led to fewer males choosing to go into teaching and also leads to less male educational role models in society

Question 10

ANTI-SCHOOL SUBCULTURES
INTERNAL - EXTERNAL
- Anti-school subcultures

Answer 10

INTERNAL
- E.g. Willis’ “The lads”

EXTERNAL
- Are seen o be the product of the collectivist nature of the WC replicated into subcultures