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earth science > Earth science test global warming and energy > Flashcards

Earth science test global warming and energy Flashcards

1
Q

Which color of the visible light has the shortest waveleangth?

A

violet

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2
Q

Sort these wave leangths from longest to shortest :
Visible light, Infrared, UV

A

Infrared ,visible light, UV

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3
Q

What makes up the greatest amount of electroaegnetic energy reaching earth’s surface

A

Visible light

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4
Q

Which process transfers heat though mollecular collisions?

A

Conduction

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5
Q

If there are two cup of water one being hot and one being cold with a metal bar connecting them describe the flow of energy and by was transfer?

A

Hot water to cold water by conduction

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6
Q

In a closed system seperated by a metal dividing bar if one side were to lose 10 degrees celcius how much would the other side decrease or increase by??

A

increase by abt 10 degrees celcius

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7
Q

How does transfer of heat through conduction work?

A

The heat vibrates a molecule which heat up other molecules by hitting into them (direct touch)

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8
Q

Which process primarily transfers heat by moving air?

A

convection

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9
Q

When energy transfers through convection in the air what happens?

A

hot air rises and cold air sinks

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10
Q

The air above a burning candle is heated and rises what type of heat transfer is this and what is the change in are density?

A

Convection and density decreases

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11
Q

An ice cube is an area of hot air. What is the source and sink?

A

the ice cube is a sink and the air is the source

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12
Q

when water is propelled upward and water is also propelled down due to a heat source what is causing this?

A

differences in density in the water

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13
Q

when water is being heated up what happens?

A

hot less dense water rises and more dense cool water sinks

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14
Q

if a room is being heated where in the room wil the density of the wair be the ggreatest?

A

near the floor

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15
Q

which process transfers energy primarily through electromagnetic waves?

A

radiation

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16
Q

heat energy will normally flow from

A

hot to cold

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17
Q

if a fire is lit where is transfer of enrgy through convection?

A

right above it

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18
Q

How does the ozone layer protect living things earth?

A

it blocks harmful UV rays

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19
Q

what is temperature?

A

the average kinetic energy

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20
Q

When does transformation of heat often happen?

A

when there is friction

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21
Q

What is heat energy measured in ?

A

Joules

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22
Q

What is thermal energy?

A

the energy of motion of atoms and molecules

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23
Q

Specific heat def

A

Resistance a material presents to heating up or cooling off. (The amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1g of the material by 1 C)

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24
Q

What has the highest specific heat?

A

liquid

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25
What has a major moderating effect on weather and climate?
large bodies of water
26
What is melting?
Change from solid to liquid when heat is added
27
what is Solidification (freezing)
changing from liquid to solid as heat is removed
28
What is Evaporation (vaporization)
changing from liquid to a gas as heat is added
29
what is Condensation
changing from gas to liquid as heat is removed
30
What is Sublimation
changing from gas directly into a solid or solid to gas bypassing the liquid phase
31
What is latent heat?
heat energy which is added or taken away form a material or substance, and it is used for the change in phase
32
Insolation =
Incoming Solar Radiation
33
What actually is insolation?
The portion of the sun's output of electromagnetic radiation that us recieved by earth at the outermost part of our atmosphere
34
Reflection
When energy bounces off a material
35
Refraction meaning
Energy can pass through matter and bend as it exits the material
36
Results of refraction
rainbows, seeing a fish in water when its actually ahead of it.
37
What is scattering?
Energy can be dispersed in many different direction as it interacts with matter
38
Transmission
When energy passes through a material
39
What is absorption?
energy can be taken into a material and remain there like a sponge
40
In a day how of much of insolation reaches the surface and how much is scattered and absorbed by the upper atmosphere?
54 % reach the surface and 46% scattered
41
When does earth shed heat?
at night
42
What is one factor that can affect insolation?
Weather- clouds block insolation from getting to earth's surface
43
What is the angle of insolation and what is it's rule?
The angle that insolation strikes the earth and as it increases so does the intensity of insolation
44
when is there a higer angle of incidence?
when the sun is higher in the sky this caused more insolation to be absorbed
45
What are some other factors that affect insolation?
latitiude, season, duration of insolation
46
What is the affect of duration of insolation?
if the sun is out for a longer period of time the more insolation
47
During summer if you go farther north water happens to the duration of insolation?
it gets longer
48
During the winter what happens to the duration of insolation if you go farther south?
the longer duration of insolation
49
During equinoxes what happens to the duration of insolation everywhere around earth?
it is equal all around the earth
50
where do people experience "midnight" sun or 24 hours of daylight depending on the solstice
latitudes 66.6 N and higher and 66.5 S and lower
51
What are some symptoms of midnight Sun
Hypomania(trouble sleeping), unusual mood of excitement of irritableness
52
Where do polar nights occur or 24 hours of darkness depending on the solstice?
latitudes 66.5 N and higher and 66.5 S and lower
53
What are the symptoms of polar nights?
Fatigue, depression, solipsism syndrome(loneliness, detachment from own world)
54
which surfaces absorb and radiate quicker
dark and rough surfaces
55
which surfaces are highly reflective to sunlight?
ice and snow (smooth and light)
56
GOOD ABSORBERS ARE....
GOOD RADIATORS
57
When short visible/UV rays are absorbed and reradiated by earth what happens
those rays turn into long infrared rays
58
During the day what does the earth absorb?
UV rays and visible light
59
At night was does the earth reradiate?
long infrared rays
60
/what is the heat given off by earth called?
terrestrial radiation/ground radiation
61
Why do we lose most of our heat on a clear, calm, dry night?
no clouds to trap heat
62
What cuts down incoming solar radiation causing cooling?
Dust and Pollutants
63
What caused global warming?
Green house gases trappinng outgoing infrared radiation
64
What are the three greenhouse gases?
Co2, Water Vapor and Methane
65
Greenhouse gases cause the earth to be about what temperature and what would it be without the greenhouse gases?
abt 60 degrees F but without it 0 degrees
66
What does the burning of wood and fossil fuels do to harm our atmosphere?
they release Co2 and other green house gases which intensify the Greenhouse affect
67
What does global warming result in?
Sea levels rising due to melting of ice caps
68
What is global warming?
An increase in Earth's surface temeprature
69
What can we do to reduce the number of greenhouse gases?
1. stop burning fossil fuel 2. use eco-friendly products 3. car pool 4. use alternative enrgy sources

earth science (22 decks)

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