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Anatomy > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pterion?

A

H-shaped suture on the lateral aspect of the skull

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2
Q

Which bone contains the organs of hearing and balance?

A

Temporal bone

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3
Q

Which structures does the petrous part of the temporal bone contain?

A

The organs of hearing and balance

The facial nerve (CN VII)

The vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

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4
Q

What forms the skeleton of the external ear?

A

Temporal bone and elastic cartilidge

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5
Q

What is the function of the external ear?

A

Collect and convey soundwaves to the tympanic membrane

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6
Q

What does the middle ear consist of?

A

Tympanic membrane to oval window

Includes the Eustachian tube

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7
Q

What is the function of the middle ear?

A

Amplifies and conducts sound waves to the internal ear

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8
Q

What is the function of the internal ear?

A

Converts special sensory information on sound/balance into fluid waves then into action potentials and conducts the action potentials towards the brainstem

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9
Q

What is the ear canal lined with?

A

Ceruminous glands that produce ear wax

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10
Q

Which bony structures are being indicated here?

A
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11
Q

Which nerve gives general sensory supply to the inferior parts of the EAM and the tympanic membrane?

A

Vagus nerve

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12
Q

Which nerve gives general sensory nerve supply to the superior part of the EAM and most of the tympanic membrane?

A

CN V3

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13
Q

What is the general sensory nerve supply of most of the tympanic membrane?

A

CN V3 (mandibular nerve)

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14
Q

Which nerves supply general sensation to most of the auricle?

A

Spinal nerve C2, 3

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15
Q

What is the name of the group of pre-auricular lymph nodes?

A

Parotid nodes

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16
Q

What is the name of the group of post-auricular lymph nodes?

A

Mastoid nodes

(behind the ear)

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17
Q

Where do the parotid and the mastoid lymph nodes drain into?

A

Deep cervical chain lymph nodes

Lymphatic duct/thoracic duct

Venous angle

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18
Q

What is the umbo?

A

The most inwardly depressed part of the tympanic membrane

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19
Q

What is the pars flaccida?

A

The thin part of the tympanic membrane that lies superiorly

20
Q

What is the pars tensa?

A

The thick part part of the tympanic membrane that lies posteroinferiorly

21
Q

Which middle ear structure can be seen through the tympanic membrane here?

A

Handle of the malleus

22
Q

What is the structure being indicated here?

A

Umbo

23
Q

The opening into which tube is being shown here?

A

Eustachian tube

24
Q

What is the shared general sensory nerve supply to the eustachian tube, tonsils, middle ear cavity, nasopharynx and oropharynx?

A

CN IX

25
Q

What is the eustachian tube?

A

A tube that connects the tympanic cavity to the lateral wall of the nasopharynx

26
Q

Which cavities are being shown here?

A
27
Q

Which part of which middle ear bone inserts into the oval window?

A

Footplate/base of the stapes

28
Q

What are the middle ear bones?

A

Stapes

Incus

Malleus

29
Q

What kind of joints are between the middle ear bones?

A

Synovial joints

30
Q

What is the promontry?

A

A bony swelling on the medial wall of the middle ear caused by the cochlea of the internal ear

31
Q

What structure is being outlined here that lies deep to the bone?

A

Facial canal

32
Q

Where is this arrow pointing?

A

Into the aditus

33
Q

What can cause mastoiditis?

A

Spread of infection from the middle ear cavity via the aditus

34
Q

What the smallest muscle in the body and what is it’s function?

A

Stapedius

Reduces movement of the stapes to protect inner ear from excessive noise

35
Q

Which ossicle is this?

A

Incus

36
Q

Which bone is this?

A

Incus

37
Q

Which bone is this?

A

Malleus

38
Q

Which nerve supplies the stapedius?

A

Facial nerve CN VII

39
Q

What is the action of the tensor tympani muscle?

A

Pulls on the mandle of the malleus to tense the tympanic membrane

40
Q

Which nerve supplies the tensor tympani?

A

CN V3

41
Q

Which cranial nerve is the chorda tympani a branch of?

A

Facial nerve

42
Q

What are the three parts of the bony labrinth?

A

Cochlea

Vestibule
Semicircular canals

43
Q

What is the fluid that fills the bony labrinth?

A

Perilymph

44
Q

Which structure can be found floating in the perilymph of the bony labrinth?

A

Membranous labrinth

45
Q

What is the fluid that fills the membranous labrinth?

A

Endolymph

Anatomy (22 decks)

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