EAC Oxygen Therapy

Question 1

Importance of oxygen

Answer 1

krebs cycle: using food and oxygen to make ATP. CO2 is a byproduct of the reaction. providing energy for the metabolic processes of the body.

Krebs cycle happens in the mitochondria.

Question 2

clinical signs of:

Hypoxia

Answer 2

Tachycardia

Hypertension

Peripheral vaso-constriction (pale appearance)

Dizziness

Mental confusion

Question 3

clinical signs of:

Hypoxaemia

Answer 3

Cyanosis

Restlessness

Question 4

Supplemental O2 works by

Answer 4

forcing the haemoglobin to carry more O2, therefore distributing more O2

Question 5

Critical illness requiring high levels of supplemental oxygen

Answer 5

Shock

Sepsis

Major trauma

Near drowning

Anaphylaxis

Major pulmonary haemorrhage

Major head injury

Carbon monoxide poisoning

once stable reduce O2 to target saturation 94-98%. COPD get same initial treatment but need assessment and further controlled O2 therapy.

Question 6

conditions and situations where Oxygen Therapy is contra-indicated

Answer 6

near naked flame

explosive environments

Question 7

flow rate and O2 concentration using:

High Concentration Masks

Answer 7

Use with high flow rate 15L/min

Delivers 100% oxygen

Ensure reservoir bag is inflated

Adult and paediatric sizes

Question 8

flow rate and O2 concentration using:

Nasal Cannulae

Answer 8

1L/min = 24%
2L/min = 28%
4L/min = 36%
8L/min = 52%

Question 9

flow rate and O2 concentration using:

Venturi 28%

Answer 9

5-6L/min = 28%

Question 10

Serious illness requiring moderate levels of supplemental oxygen if patient is hypoxic (

Answer 10

acute hypoxaemia

acute asthma, pneumonia, Ca lung

Post op breathlessness

Acute heart failure

PE

Pleaural effusions

Pneumothorax

Deterioration of lung fibrosis or other interstitial lung disease

Severe anaemia

Sickle cell crisis

Question 11

conditions which oxygen therapy is not required unless hypoxic (

Answer 11

MI and ACS

Storke

Pregnancy and obstetric emergencies

Hyperventilation or dysfunctional breathing

Most poisoning and drug overdose

Paraquat or bleomycin (no O2 unless hypoxaemic)

Metabolic or renal disorders

Acuter and sub-acute neurological and muscular conditions producing muscle weakness

Question 12

general rules:

conditions which oxygen therapy is not required unless hypoxic (

Answer 12

if hypoxaemic (

Question 13

procedure of monitoring oxygen therapy:

COPD pt

Answer 13

if RR

Question 14

Reporting use of:

Oxygen

Answer 14

prescription medicine and law requires its use reported

Must record on PRF:

• concentration
• how long for
• effect on pt
• SpO2 reading before and after administration

Question 15

what oxygen therapy would you give:

Severe Trauma

Answer 15

100% oxygen via high concentration mask at 15L/min

once stable titrate using nasal cannulae or Venturi mask to target SpO2 94-98%

Question 16

what oxygen therapy would you give:

Non-Severe Trauma

Answer 16

If SpO2

Question 17

what oxygen therapy would you give:

Stroke

Answer 17

If SpO2

Question 18

what oxygen therapy would you give:

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

Answer 18

If SpO2

Question 19

caution when using oxygen therapy with neonates

Answer 19

after prolonged administration of high % O2 a condition termed Detrimental Fibroplasia can result

Question 20

Oxygen therapy for know COPD on home O2 for 15 hours + a day

Answer 20

deliver O2 at flow rate normally used by pt at home whether they have acute respiratory distress or not