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Pharm Part II > E4: Drug Abuse/Addiction Part IV Stimulants > Flashcards

E4: Drug Abuse/Addiction Part IV Stimulants Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two LEGAL stimulants?

A

Caffiene and Nicotine

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2
Q

What is the drug of choice for MOST AMERICANS?

A

Caffiene

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3
Q

HOW much of each will cause Caffeine withdrawals: coffee, tea, soda?

A

coffee: 1 cup tea: 2 cups soda:3 cans

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4
Q

DO YOU SEE WHAT HAPPENS when you go off Caffeine???Symptoms appear within _______ of last caffeine use

A

12-24 hours

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5
Q

DO YOU SEE WHAT HAPPENS when you go off Caffeine???Symptoms peak at ________

A

20-48 hours

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6
Q

DO YOU SEE WHAT HAPPENS when you go off Caffeine???Symptoms last for _____ Headache, Flu-like symptoms, Depression, anxiety, Lethargy, fatigue

A

1 week

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7
Q

Cocaine is a CNS STIMULANT with ________ properties

A

local anesthetic

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8
Q

Cocaine is a POTENT _________

A

vasoCONSTRICTOR

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9
Q

Cocaine Produces profound sense of _______

A

euphoria

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10
Q

INTERESTING: Produces intense ________ dependency, but no _______ OR ________

A

psychological…tolerance OR withdrawal

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11
Q

What are the 9 signs of cocaine use?

A

GB-T-ND-HHAT: 1.Gingival Bleeding/Recession Max PM 2.Bone Resorption in Max PM area 3.Tremors 4.NoseBleeds 5.Dilated Pupils 6.Hypertension 7.Headache 8. Alertness 9. Talkative!

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12
Q

How long does Dilated Pupils take after Coke use?

A

45 minutes after use

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13
Q

NEVER give EPI within ______ of COKE use

A

24 hours

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14
Q

What causes Cocaine induced Gingival Necrosis?

A

The vasoContrictive effect of cocaine

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15
Q

What are the 3 clinical uses for AMPHETAMINES?

A

1.Diet Pills 2.Energy Pills 3.Tx of ADHD

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16
Q

What is the most common abused form of Amphetamine?

A

Methamphetamine (crystal meth)

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17
Q

How can you MAKE methamphetamine?

A

Cook down pseudoEphedrine (sudafed)

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18
Q

Which drug produces a LONGER duration of action: METH or COKE?

A

Meth

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19
Q

Amphetamines stimulate which autonomic NS?

A

Sympathomimetics

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20
Q

What is the drug for ADHD that blocks Reuptake of dopaminergic neurons?

A

Methyl-Phen-i-Date (Ritalin)

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21
Q

What do you avoid when on Methyl-Phen-i-Date (Ritalin)?

A

avoid vasoconstrictors

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22
Q

Which ADHD drug has minimal sympatic effect and blocks reuptake of dopaminergic neurons?

A

Pemoline (Cylert)

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23
Q

Which ADHD drug blocks reup of BOTH dopamine and norepi?

A

Dextro-amphetamine (Dexadrine)

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24
Q

What does dextroAmphetamine inhibit?

A

Monamine Oxidase (MAO)

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25
Q

dextroAmphetamine Enhances sympathomimetic response of epinephrine/norepinephrine SO avoid _________

A

vasoconstrictors!!

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26
Q

What is our only ADHD drug that is NOT an amphetamine?

A

A-TOM-OX-ET-INE (Straterra)

27
Q

Atomoxetine (adhd med) (not an amphetamine) Selectively inhibits reuptake of ________ with little to no activity at OTHER reuptake or receptor sites

A

norepinephrine

28
Q

Atomoxetine (adhd med) (not an amphetamine) May increase heart rate and blood pressure in presence of a pressor agent = use _________ with caution

A

vasoconstrictor…hmm common theme

29
Q

COOL! What is the name for Ecstasy???

A

MDMA (bath salts were MDPV)…MethyleneDioxyMethAmphetamine

30
Q

What was ecstasy first used for?

A

appetite suppressant

31
Q

Ecstasy is a stimulant _______ drug that induces ______

A

psychedelic…euphoria

32
Q

HOW does ecstasy induce euphoria?

A

alters SEROTONIN and DOPAMINE neurotransmission

33
Q

Ecstacy Enhances self-awareness and ability to ________ and can last ________

A

communicate ….. Duration of action = 4-6 hours

34
Q

What is the dental side effect of Ecstacy?

A

Trismus and bruxism

35
Q

What are the 3 fatal side effects of ecstasy?

A

1.cardio toxicity 2.hyperthermia 3.coagulopathy

36
Q

Which organ is affected most by ecstasy? (besides the brain yo!)

A

HepatoToxic

37
Q

Can you build a tolerance to Ecstacy?

A

YES

38
Q

Methamphetamine: A type of amphetamine used in the form of crystalline ________

A

hydrochloride…HCl (isn’t that really acidic??)

39
Q

the Medical use for meth is its ______ form which is called:

A

dextrorotary form—dextroMethamphetamine (Desoxyn)

40
Q

What is dextromethamphetamine indicated for?

A

ADHD, Narcolepsy, obesity (short term)

41
Q

WHAT are the 3 neurotransmitters triggered when Meth enters the brain?

A

1.norepi 2.dopamine 3.serotonin

42
Q

Meth Prolongs presence of neurotransmitters in the synapse by inhibiting _______; stable against degradation

A

reuptake

43
Q

WEIRD WORD: Stimulates the _______ reward pathway, causing euphoria and excitement

A

mesolimbic

44
Q

The first time meth is used, the brain is flooded with _______ for INTENSE feelings of _______

A

dopamine…. pleasure

45
Q

T/F brain structure and function can be altered with chronic METH use.

A

TRUE

46
Q

METH: Acute physical effects = resemble “_______” response

A

“fight or flight”

47
Q

Methamphetamine is NEUROTOXIC = especially to WHAT TYPE of neurons????

A

dopaminergic

48
Q

WHY is meth neurotoxic to dopaminergic neurons?

A

Degradation of dopamine produces reactive oxygen species (“free radicals”) such as HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (get on that ketogenic diet SON!)

49
Q

Methamphetamine users often have unusual ________ of the skin on the face, arms and legs

A

lesions and scabbing

50
Q

What the hell is FORMICATION?

A

the sensation of insects crawling beneath the skin

51
Q

What are the three organs attacked by Meth? (other than the brain yo!)

A

1.lung 2.kidney 3.liver

52
Q

Meth: Hallucinations—Paranoia—Delusions—Thought disorders are called “_________”

A

amphetamine psychosis

53
Q

What are the 4 main warning signs of a kid on meth?

A

1.prolonged sleep 2.moodiness 3.depression 4.suicidal

54
Q

Meth is especially addictive when administered by ______ or ______

A

injected or smoked

55
Q

Do we have drugs to help break meth addiction, like heroin?

A

Nope :(

56
Q

Meth: Increasing frequency of use among ________ and young professionals

A

college students

57
Q

What was the main action of Combat Methamphetamine Act of 2005?

A

Requires retailers who sell ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and phenylpropanolamine to keep products behind the counter

58
Q

Know these Clinical Signs of Meth Use (7)

A

HAD-B-MIX 1.HTN 2.Anorexia 3.Dilated Pupils 4.Bruxism 5.Moodiness 6.Increase Sweat 7.Xerostomia

59
Q

Meth Mouth- ______ of teeth and restorative materials

A

Erosion

60
Q

Know theseSigns of Stimulant Overdose (8)

A

THE-HED-CH…1.Tremors 2.Hyperactive 3.Elevated Pulse 4.Hyperthermia 5.Extreme Sweating 6.Dilated Pupils 7.Cardiac Arrythmias 8.HTN

61
Q

Nicotine is a CNS _______ and is highly _______ (both physical and psychological)

A

STIMULANT…addictive

62
Q

know what are the 4 desired effects of nicotine?

A

1.increased alertness 2.muscle relaxation 3.facilitate concentration/memory 4.decreased appetite

63
Q

know these What are the 8 harmful effects of Nicotine?

A

NIC-HOLD-P…..1. Nausea/vomiting 2. Irritability 3.Coronary Artery Disease 4. HTN 5. Oral Cancer 6. Lung cancer 7.Dizziness 8.pulse

64
Q

Tobacco cessation requires ______ modification! Requires often __-__ attempts!

A

behavioral…5-8 attempts

Pharm Part II (28 decks)

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