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Pharm Part II > E2: GI Drugs > Flashcards

E2: GI Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

_________: Weak bases that interact with stomach acid to form water and salt

A

Antacids

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2
Q

Where do antacids work?

A

locally

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3
Q

What do antacids do to stomach pH?

A

raise gastric pH

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4
Q

Antacids Do NOT inhibit ____ production by parietal cells

A

HCl

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5
Q

Best antacids are those that buffer to a pH of ___-___

A

pH of 3-4

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6
Q

What is a SIDE EFFECT of Antacids?

A

Constipation

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7
Q

Which one of these combinations is TUMS? Aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or calcium carbonate

A

Calcium Carbonate

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8
Q

What are the 2 Magnesium antacid products?

A

Milk of Magnesia,Maalox

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9
Q

Which antacid can be used to remineralize enamel? Watch out! it can cause a gun metal grey stain for a bit…

A

milk of magnesia

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10
Q

Which part of Maalox absorbs the H+ ions?

A

The SILICA (magnesium trisilicate)

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11
Q

Aluminum is astringent to stop bleeding

A

Aluminum

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12
Q

Watch out! Aluminum Antacids interfere with absorption of which antibiotic???

A

tetracyclines

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13
Q

BOARDS loves this antacid: Forms complexes with albumin, fibrinogen and globulin on ulcer surface, thus creating protective barrier to acid and pepsin…. Interferes with the absorption of many medications…Also binds pepsin directly….Not absorbed

A

SU-CRAL-FATE (Carafate)

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14
Q

Which drug is preferred by Gastroenterologists? (brand name and class)

A

ZANTAC-a Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonist

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15
Q

Which drug class binds to H+/K+-ATPase enzyme system in parietal cells?

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

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16
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors are for ____ term acid suppression that has a _____ pace of onset.

A

long term…slow

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17
Q

What are 3 really popular Proton Pump Inhibitors?

A

1.Nexium 2.Prevacid 3.Prilosec

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18
Q

NEXIUM is Better at healing _________ than Prilosec

A

erosive lesions

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19
Q

Think this might be important?? THIS drug is Indicated for use for prevention and treatment of NSAID-induced gastrointestinal lesions

A

Nexium (proton pump inhibitors)

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20
Q

DENTAL considerations!!! Antacids neutralize pH = interferes with absorption of many drugs = wait ___ hours

A

2 hours

21
Q

WHICH DRUG does Histamine antagonists decrease?

A

antifungals

22
Q

WHICH DRUG does Histamine antagonists alter?

A

warfarin

23
Q

Proton pump inhibitors decrease absorption of systemic _______

A

antifungals

24
Q

Excessive salivation: mediated by ______ nerve in response to excessive gastric acid coming into oral cavity

A

vagus nerve

25
Q

Which disease are these people most susceptible to?Smokers, Heavy drinkers, Hyperparathyroidism, Renal dialysis patients, Use of NSAIDS (chronic use)

A

Peptic Ulcer Disease

26
Q

Etiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease–__________ infection is Present in 90% of cases

A

Helicobacter pylori

27
Q

DID YOU KNOW Helicobacter pylori resides in our ______?!

A

oral cavity!?!

28
Q

Use of NSAIDS for > 1 month can cause this stomach condition.

A

peptic ulcer disease

29
Q

H pylori associated with cancer of gastric mucosa = ________

A

lymphoma

30
Q

Peptic ulcers RARELY undergo transformation to carcinoma, BUT Ulcers in __________ of stomach more likely to become malignant

A

greater curvature

31
Q

Atrophic gastritis caused by chronic use of PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS increases risk for _______ cancer

A

stomach

32
Q

What are the 4 Antibiotics used in combination to treat peptic ulcers?

A

TCAM 1. Tetracycline 2.CLARithromycin 3.Amoxicillin 4.Metronidazole

33
Q

The standard first-line therapy is a one week TRIPLE therapy consisting of the antibiotics:

A

CA: CLARithromycin, amoxicillin…a proton pump inhibitor Nexium, Prevacid, Protonix, Aciphex..Prilosec

34
Q

What happens if I hit the peptic ulcer with the triple thereby and the H Pylori is resistant?

A

levofloxacin (Levaquin) added as part of the therapy

35
Q

AVOID ______ and _______ with Peptic Ulcer disease

A

Avoid aspirin, NSAIDS

36
Q

What are the 2 Oral manifestations of peptic ulcer disease??

A
  1. Vascular malformations of lip 2.Enamel erosion
37
Q

________ antibiotics (erythromycin) cause GI distress and diarrhea = caution in patients with inflammatory bowel disease…IN FACT, they can cause THIS condition!

A

Macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin)…Pseudomembraneous colitis

38
Q

What are the 2 distinct conditions of Irratable Bowel syndrome?

A

Ulceratic Colitis and Cj Crohn’s disease

39
Q

What 2 drugs are FIRST LINE against Tx of IBS?

A

Anti-inflammatories; corticosteroids

40
Q

What are the 3 drugs to stay away from when Rx’ing to a IBS dental Pt?

A

CorticoSteroids, Immunosup drugs, aspirin/NSAIDS

41
Q

cobblestone mucosal lesions

A

Crohn’s Disease

42
Q

Anti-Diarrheal: Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)..Caution with _____ allergy

A

salicylate

43
Q

codeine causes ________ as a side effect

A

constipation

44
Q

loperamide(________)=OTC…Muscle relaxant…Relieves spasm and decreases gut motility

A

imodium

45
Q

Laxatives: Bulk – carboxymethyl _______ with psyllium 􏰀 Absorb water to form softened stools by increasing bulk of intestinal contents

A

cellulose

46
Q

Laxatives: Osmotic – _________ salts (magnesium citrate = OTC)…Used as prep for _________

A

magnesium…colonoscopy

47
Q

Laxatives: Contact – bisacodyl (Dulcolax), _____ oil… bisacodyl also used in high doses as colonoscopy prep

A

castor

48
Q

Laxatives: Lubricants – ______ oil, glycerin…Act as emollients

A

mineral

Pharm Part II (28 decks)

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