E1-LowerCholesterol (Anti-Lipidemics) Flashcards
old class of medications = not used much anymore
Bile Acid Sequestrants
Bile Acid Sequestrants reduce cholesterol by binding to _______ in the gut
binding bile acids in gut
Bile Acid Sequestrants: increase fecal loss of bile salt bound ____ cholesterol
LDL
What are all the Bile Acid Sequestrants named with? What are three of them?
“cole-/chole”….1.CHOLES-TYR-AMINE resin 2.COLE-SEVE-Lan 3.COLE-sti-pol
Nicotinic Acid (Niacin) decreases liver triacylglycerol synthesis necessary for _____ production AND IN TURN decreased these decreases plasma ______
VLDL….LDLs
Nicotinic Acid (Niacin)can _______ some endothelial cell dysfunction leading to thrombosis caused by high cholesterol and atherosclerosis
reverse!!!
What is the least expensive Cholesterol med?
Nicotinic Acid (Niacin)
What is the most common/known side effect with Niacin?
Facial Flushing
Fibric Acids-lowers plasma ________
triglycerides
Fibric Acids-increases _____’s
HDL’s
Fibric Acids-inhibit _______ synthesis in liver
cholesterol
What are the 3 preparations of FIBRIC ACIDS?
1.Clo-FIBR-ate 2.feno-FIBR-ate 3.gem-FIBR-ozil
HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors aka “______”
“statins”
What is the LEADING cholesterol-lowering medication?
Statins! (HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors)
What are the two methods which HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors (statins) lower cholesterol??? What is the NEW EVIDENCE of ANOTHER positive effect of statins???
- decreases synthesis of cholesterol in liver 2. increases LDL breakdown….NEW–anti-inflammatory activity!!
What is the MAIN contraindication with STATINS?
LIVER DISEASE! elevated liver enzymes mean discontinue the drug
What is the main SIDE EFFECT of statins?? (2 names for 1 condition)…Where do Pts complain of this symptom?
MYALGIA-rhabdomyolysis (a disease characterized by the disintegration of the muscle tissue)….lower extremities
IMPORTANT DENTAL DRUG INTERACTION= RED FLAG DRUGS…Avoid use of _________ antibiotics (like ________) and systemic (_____) antifungal medications in statin users: promotes _________
macrolide (erythromycin)… azole… RHAB-DO-MYO-LYSIS
Which cholesterol lowering drug is the ONLY one in its class that decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption???
EZ-ET-imi-be
What are the two drugs that add a statin and EZ-ET-imi-be??
1.Vy-tor-in 2.Lip-tru-zet
Statin indications: 21 years and older who have a very high level of bad cholesterol (_____ mg/dL or higher) AND with _________ who are 40 to 75 years old
190mg/dL….Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes
Statin indications/use: The guidelines also advise doctors to no longer prescribe additional cholesterol-lowering drugs, such as fibrates and niacin, to patients who do not reach targets with statins alone. AND a healthy ______ should always be a part of the therapy.
lifestyle
WHEELHOUSE!!!! Oral Care Considerations with Lipid Lowering Agents–multiple drug __________: look up each medication before prescribing dental meds
interactions
WHEELHOUSE!!!! Oral Care Considerations with Lipid Lowering Agents–assess risk for increased _______
BLEEDING
WHEELHOUSE!!!! Oral Care Considerations with Lipid Lowering Agents–avoid _______ and ________ with HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors
azole antifungals…macrolide antibiotics
WHEELHOUSE!!!! Oral Care Considerations with Lipid Lowering Agents–assess changes in cholesterol lowering medications at each visit (frequently change due to ______ issues)
COMPLIANCE
