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Maternal Nursing > Dystocia > Flashcards

Dystocia Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition of dystocia

A

a long, difficult, abnormal labor that prevents dilation, effacement, and decent

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2
Q

Definition of Eutocia

A

Normal birth

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3
Q

What are the 5 P’s

A

Powers, Passage, Passenger, Positioning, Psychological

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4
Q

What is the primary power with dystocia?

A

Abnormal uterine contractions that prevent normal cervical dilation and effecement

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5
Q

What is the secondary power with dystocia?

A

Abnormal fetal descent through the pelvis

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6
Q

What is a precipitous power and what does it cause?

A

Labor that lasts less than 3 hours– causes intense pain with contractions and no rest periods

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7
Q

What is hypertonic uterine dysfunction?

A

painful, frequent contractions that occur in the early phase (cervic <4cm), uncoordinated contractions and the uterus doesnt completely relax.

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8
Q

How do you treat hypertonic uterine dysfunction?

A

Rest and relax the mother and uterus, analgesics

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9
Q

What is hypotonic uterine dysfunction?

A

More common- after progressive labor, contractions stop, usually from malposition

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10
Q

How do you treat hypotonic uterine dysfunction?

A

Ultrasound to determine fetal position, FHR and pattern

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11
Q

Nursing diagnoses related to uterine dysfunction

A

Risk of injury due to prolonged labor, acute pain, anxiety

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12
Q

What are causes of precipitous labor?

A

Having babies before, large pelvis or small fetus, cocaine abuse

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13
Q

What are some complications of precipitous labor?

A

uterine rupture, laceration of birth canal, amniotic fluid embolism, fetal hypoxia, intracranial hemorrhage

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14
Q

What is pelvic dystocia?

A

Contractures of the pelvic diameters that reduce the capacity of the outlet

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15
Q

What causes pelvic dystocia?

A

congenital abnormalities, maternal malnutrition, neoplasms, spinal disorders

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16
Q

What is soft tissue dystocia?

A

An obstruction in birth passage from placenta previa, a full pladder, swollen cervic, etc.

17
Q

What are some fetal causes of dystocia?

A

Abnormalities- hydrocephalus, tumors, neural tube defects, large weight (over 4000g), malposition, malpresentation, multiple fetuses

18
Q

What is a malposition of a fetus?

A

Occipitoposterior

19
Q

How do you correct occipitoposterior position?

A

Rotate the fetus or go for C section– find cord with ultrasound before moving

20
Q

Position of mother for good delivery

A

squatting or upright

21
Q

Psychological responses related to dystocia

A

anxiety, apprehension, hormones and neurotransmitters

22
Q

What is prolonged labor and risks associated with it?

A

Labor lasting longer than 24 hours with risks being fatigue, pain, overdistended uterus and hemmorrhage, and hypoxia to fetus

23
Q

What is treatment methods of dystocia?

A

Position mother, monitor FHR, monitor maternal VS, maintain comfort and communication and support family

24
Q

What is a type of chemical cervical ripening?

A

Postaglandin E- softens and thins the uterus (Misoprostol/Cytotex)

25
Q

What is a type of mechanical cervical ripening device?

A

Mechanical dilators or a foley catheter

26
Q

What is an amniotomy?

A

artificial ruptuer of membranes

27
Q

When is oxytocin used?

A

To induce labor- also known as pitocin.

28
Q

What does oxytocin do?

A

Stimulates uterine contractions

29
Q

What are some complications with oxytocin?

A

water intoxication, premature seperation of placenta, rupture of uterus, post partum hemorrhage

30
Q

What is a prolapsed umbilical cord and how does it happen?

A

When part of the cord lies below the presenting part of the fetus from either it being too long, breech presentation, transverse lie, or unengaged presenting part

31
Q

What are indications for vacuum assistance during birth?

A

when the second stage of labor is prolonged, there is a non-reassuring heart rate, and it will relieve the woman’s pushing

32
Q

What are prerequisites for vacuum extraction?

A

vertex presentation, ruptured membranes

Maternal Nursing (22 decks)

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