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dynamics of health > dynamics of health midterm > Flashcards

dynamics of health midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Legislation passed in 2010 requiring US citizens and permanent residents to have minimum essential health insurance coverage
the most significant change in the past 10 years

A

Affordable care act

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2
Q

Expenses related to medical treatment and services

A

Health care costs

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3
Q

Government program providing health coverage to low-income individuals and families

A

Medicaid

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4
Q

Government program providing health coverage to individuals aged 65 and older, and certain younger individuals with disabilities

A

Medicare

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5
Q

Health coverage provided by private companies

A

Private insurance

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6
Q

Reasons for rising healthcare costs

A

Factors contributing to the increase in expenses related to medical treatment and services-technology medication aging increased prevalence of chronic diseases

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7
Q

Decline in mortality

A

Reduction in the number of deaths due to improvements in hygiene in the 20th century

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8
Q

highest cause of death in the U.S.

A

Heart Disease

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9
Q

Health professionals needed for opioid addiction

A

Medical practitioners required to treat individuals suffering from opioid addiction will need more behavioral health and social workers

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10
Q

Projected population by 2050

A

⅓ Hispanic, ⅓ White, ⅓ African American

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11
Q

Downside of improved healthcare and longevity

A

People will live longer with more chronic disease

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12
Q

Preventive services included in ACA

A

Mammography colonoscopy and immunizations

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13
Q

chronic diseases are associated with

A

personal lifestyle

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14
Q

Delivery of healthcare services remotely using technology-became common during pandemic

A

telehealth

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15
Q

Virulent antibiotic resistant bacteria strain

A

MRSA (methicillin resistant staph aureus)

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16
Q

Use of computers to store and exchange health information

A

health IT

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17
Q

Factors that influence health outcomes, including birthplace, living conditions, education, and employment

A

Social determinants of health

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18
Q

Health insurance company offering coverage to individuals and families(private insurance)

A

Blue cross/blue shield

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19
Q

direct health services provided by the federal government

A

Tricare, ACA, Indian Health Service, Medicaid, Medicare

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20
Q

US DOES NOT HAVE

A

CENTRALIZED healthcare delivery systems

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21
Q

Services aimed at promoting and maintaining good health(prenatal nutrition)

A

Health promotion service

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22
Q

Services focused on preventing the occurrence of diseases (smoking cessation)

A

Disease prevention service

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23
Q

Services involved in identifying and addressing medical conditions (x-ray and lab) most used

A

Diagnosis and Treatment

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24
Q

Services for managing long-term medical conditions (diabetes care)

A

Chronic care

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25
Q

Services aimed at restoring physical or mental abilities ( head injury and stroke)

A

Rehabilitation

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26
Q

Organizations providing free healthcare services to underserved populations

A

National associations of free clinics

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27
Q

Largest comprehensive safety net of primary and preventative care. Healthcare facilities offering comprehensive primary care services to underserved populations

A

Federally qualified health centers

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28
Q

privately funded non for profit community organizations that provide healthcare at little or no costs to low income individual

A

free medical clinics

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29
Q

Healthcare facilities receiving financial support from the federal government-established for those in financial need. Offer comprehensive prenatal, dental, pharmacy, and behavioral health. The ACA provides funds to expand the health centers.60% receiving these services are members of a minority population

A

Federally funded health centers

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30
Q

Free clinics receive little or no state funds

A

Free clinics do not receive significant financial support from state governments

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31
Q

Free clinics are necessary…

A

after establishing Affordable care act

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32
Q

The majority of people who are uninsured and would use Free medical clinics

A

Individuals who do not have health insurance through their employer and have incomes below the federal poverty level

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33
Q

Both Medicaid and Medicare

A

created through the social security act

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34
Q

second largest business in the U.S.

A

Hospitals

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35
Q

Major Forces Affecting the Development of Hospitals

A

Transformation of nursing into a profession requiring training
Development of specialized technology
Patients needing acute care
advances in Medical Education

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36
Q

Medical institutions owned and operated by churches, businesses, corporations, and physicians

A

Private Hospitals

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37
Q

For-profit medical institutions operated for the financial benefit of corporations

A

Proprietary Hospitals

38
Q

Medical facilities providing long-term care and specialized services non for profit -include OB GYN
majority of hospitals

A

Community Hospitals

39
Q

Medical institutions owned by local, state, or federal agencies

A

Public hospitals

40
Q

Medical facilities providing long-term care and specialized services

A

Community hospitals

41
Q

Government healthcare program providing services to veterans and active duty military personnel

A

Tri-care

42
Q

Government insurance program for children from low-income families

A

CHIP

43
Q

Major breakthroughs in the treatment of mental illness

A

Development of Pharmaceuticals and National Institute of Mental Health.medications and research institution focused on mental health

44
Q

Medications for the treatment of opioid abuse

A

Naloxone, methadone, suboxone

45
Q

Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinics (CCBHCs)

A

Mental health and substance abuse

46
Q

1 in 8 ER visits are due to

A

mental health disorders

47
Q

more than 1/2 patients with mental and behavioral health disorders do not get treatment because

A

they do not know where to get help

48
Q

affordable care act requires all health insurances to include mental health: True or false

A

True

49
Q

Patients most important legal rights

A

informed consent

50
Q

Replacing the AHA’s Patients’ Bill of Rights, this plain language brochure informs patients about what they should expect during their hospital stay with regard to their rights and responsibilities.
High quality care
help with billing
autonomy(make your own decisions)
privacy

A

Patient care partnership

51
Q

HHS (Health and Human Services) is responsible for

A

Medicare, Medicaid, public health, biomedical research, food and drug safety, disease control and prevention, Indian health, and mental health services.

52
Q

Public health focus

A

on community

53
Q

abbreviation for National Institutes of Health; the federal agency that funds and conducts biomedical research

A

NIH

54
Q

Example of capitation

A

HMO

55
Q

fixed amount for each service

A

Captitation

56
Q

Mandatory Medicaid Services

A

home health, hospitals, ambulatory care, mental health services

57
Q

nations largest public health insurance

A

Medicaid

58
Q

Amount you pay monthly, quarterly, semiannually or annually to purchase different types of insurance

A

Premium

59
Q

cheaper, fixed rate, only in network providers, need a referral for a specialist

A

HMO

60
Q

more expensive premium, can see out of network providers, do not need a referral

A

PPO

61
Q

like an HMO but do not need referrals to see a specialist

A

EPO

62
Q

elderly population growth

A

50% by 2030

63
Q

any disease or condition that lasts a long time (usually longer than six months or a year). It usually can’t be cured and therefore requires ongoing treatment and management. Examples include arthritis and asthma.

A

Chronic conditions

64
Q

activities of daily living (bathing toileting eating)

A

ADL

65
Q

instrumental activities of daily living preparing meals, housekeeping, managing finances

A

IADL

66
Q

a slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often accompanied by personality changes

A

Dementia

67
Q

most common form of dementia progressive and irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and, finally, physical functioning

A

Alzheimer’s disease

68
Q

Medicare A

A

hospital insurance

69
Q

Medicare B

A

Covers outpatient hospital stays and diabetic supplies, DME (durable medical equipment), patients on long term disabilities, X-rays, dialysis, vaccines, and respiratory nebulizers

70
Q

Medicare C

A

Medicare Advantage Plan pay a premium -private medical insurance

71
Q

Medicare D

A

Prescription drug coverage

72
Q

primary payer of long term services

A

Medicaid

73
Q

most common ADL in long term care

A

bathing

74
Q

a facility that generally provides housing, group meals, personal care, support services, and social activities in a community setting

A

assisted living facility

75
Q

the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions
lack of literacy causes medical errors

A

health literacy

76
Q

providing end of life care

A

Hospice

77
Q

care given at a facility during day time hours; generally for individuals who need some assistance and/or supervision but are not seriously ill or disabled; usually reside outside of the facility

A

Adult day care

78
Q

ACA young adults…

A

can stay on parents coverage until 26

79
Q

A list of health care services mandated to be covered in insurance plans offered by American Health Benefit Exchanges
Ambulatory care prescription maternity care rehabilitation lab service

A

Essential Health Benefits

80
Q

A program under the affordable care act to improve quality and reduce cost of care for patients readmitted to the hospital for pneumonia, congestive heart failure, or accurate myocardial infarction. Medicare reduce his perspective payments to hospitals that failed to meet the criteria for readmission for these three diagnosis

A

Hospital Readmission Reduction Program

81
Q

create incentives for hospitals and healthcare providers to coordinate patient care

A

ACO (Accountable Care Organization)

82
Q

The Tax and Jobs Act of 2017 impacts the Affordable Care Act by…

A

taking away the individual mandate

83
Q

NHE

A

National Health Expenditures slowed between 2010-2014

84
Q

An expansion of the Medicaid program under the ACA gives states the ability to expand Medicaid to cover all adults living up to 138 percent of the federal poverty level.
Not all states

A

Medicaid expansion

85
Q

people who do not qualify for Medicaid but do not make enough money to buy insurance

A

Coverage gap

86
Q

ACA disparity

A

in states that did not expand medicaid

87
Q

refers to the procedures, equipment, and processes by which medical care is delivered

A

medical technology

88
Q

what does HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) do?

A

Provides Confidentiality for the patient

89
Q

A list or database created and maintained by a healthcare facility to record the name and identification number of every patient who has ever been admitted or treated in the facility

A

Master Patient Index (MPI)

90
Q

mechanism of electronic communication among organizations so data can be incorporated from one system to another

A

Interoperability

91
Q

scanner technology and machine-readable bar codes such as UPC

A

bar coding technology

dynamics of health (21 decks)

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