anatomy chapter 4 test Flashcards
Funcitons of epithelial tissue
Physical protection
Permeability control
Sensation trigger
Specialized glandular secretions
Characteristics of Epithelial tissue
Cells closely packed
Apical cells exposed to external or internal surface
Cells attached to basement membrane
Avascular - Lack blood vessels
Cells continually replaced
functions of connective tissue
Structural framework
Fluid and solute transport
Physical protection
Tissue interconnection
Fat storage
Microorganism defense
characteristics of connective tissue
Specialized cells
Extracellular matrix
muscular tissue funcitions
Contractions for movement of body or substances
characteristics of muscle tissue
Capable of contraction
Actin filaments
Myosin filaments
functions of nervous tissue
Conduct electrical impulses
Transfer, process, and store information
nervous tissue characteristics
Neuron characteristics
simple squamous function
secretion and absorption (flat pancake-like cells)
location of simple squamous
lining of body cavities and blood vessels
function of simple cuboidal
reduces friction, absorption and secretion
location of simple cuboidal
lining of glands and ducts
function of simple columnar
secretion and absorption (with the help of microvilli)
location of simple columnar
lining of stomach and intestines
function of stratified squamous
physical protection against abrasions and chemicals
location of stratified squamous
skin and lining of mouth and esophagus
function of pseudostratified columnar
secretion and movement of mucus (with the help of cilia)
location of pseudostratified columnar
lining of the nasal cavity and reproductive tracts
function of transitional tissue
permits expansion
location of transitional tissue
lining of bladder and uterus
difference between simple and stratified squamous epithelial tissues
Simple is one layer, stratified is many layers
Simple is for coverage of spaces with little friction, stratified is for coverage of spaces with lots of friction
function of areolar (loose CT)
cushion, support, protection
Fibroblasts
Macrophages
Fat cells
Mast cells
Collagen fibers
Reticular fibers
Elastic fibers
Areolar (Loose) components
Beneath skin
Digestive, respiratory and urinary tracts
Between muscles
Around blood vessels, nerves and joints
Areolar (loose) location
Padding
Cushions shocks
insulation
Energy storage
Adipose funciton
Adipocytes
Adipose
Beneath skin
surrounding organs
buttocks and breasts
Adipose location
Flexible support
Reduce friction
Cartilage function
Chondrocytes + firm gel
cartilage components
Hyaline - Between bones at joints
Larynx, trachea, bronchi
Nasal septum
Elastic - Ear
epiglottis
acoustic canal
Fibro - between vertebrae
Between pubic bones
cartilage location
Support
Leverage for movement
Bone function
Osteocytes
Collagen fibers
Calcium salts
bone components
skeleton
bone location
transport nutrients, wastes, hormones around the body
blood function
RBCs
WBCs
platelets
plasma
blood components
in blood vessels and heart
location of blood
Lines cavities that connect to exterior, Mucus moistens surfaces
mucus membrane function
located in the oral cavity, airways
mucus membrane locations
Line internal cavities, Watery fluid moistens surface
Serous membrane function
located in the peritoneal membrane
serous membrane location
Covers body surface, Dry surface waterproofs the body
cutaneous membrane function
located in the skin
cutaneous location
Lines joints, Secretes slippery synovial fluid, lubricates joints
synovial membrane functions
located in the joints
synovial membrane location
what is the function of nervous tissue
Send and receive messages throughout the body and nervous system
what are the main parts of the neuron
Dendrites - Information entry
Cell body - Information integration
Axon (nerve fibers) - Information transmission
Synaptic terminals - Information transfer
what changes as we age
Healing slows
Epithelia become thinner
Connective tissues become more fragile
Bones weaken, become brittle
Neuron and muscle fiber losses accumulate
Lifestyle interventions slow decline
Isolation of injured area
Cleanup of damaged tissue
Warmth
Redness
Swelling
Pain
inflammation
Repair/replacement of damaged tissue
Restoration of tissue function
Scar tissue from fibroblast activity
Complete, partial, or no _______
Tissue fibrosis common outcome
regeneration
compare and contrast the three types of muscle.
Skeletal: Voluntary, multiple nuclei, striations, cyndrical cell shape, located: attached to bones
Cardiac: involuntary, single nucleus, striations, cylindrical shaped cells, intercalated discs, located: Heart ONLY
Smooth: involuntary, single nucleus, no striations, spindle shaped cells, located: in body organs
