anatomy heart and blood flow quiz Flashcards
anatomic differences between pulmonary and systemic circuits
Pulmonary:
Right ventricle –> pulmonary arteries –> pulmonary veins –> left atrium
systemic: left ventricle –> aorta/arteries –> veins/vena cava –> right atrium
physiological diffeecnes between pulmonary and systemic circuits
pulmonary: deoxygenated blood to lungs to pick up o2
Systemic: pumps oxygenatred blood throughout body
outside layer connective tissue of the heart
epi/pericardium
middle muscle of the heart
myocardium
inner connective tissue of the heart
endocardium
what is the name of the membrane surrounding the heart in the thoracic cavity?
pericardium
differences between the atria and ventricles
Atria:
-recives the blood
-smaller (in muscle and volume)
-located in the upper chambers
ventricles:
-pumps blood out
-larger (in muscle and volume)
-located in the lower muscle chambers
differences between the right and left side of the heart
right side:
handles deoxygenated blood
directs deoxygenated blood to lungs
pulmonary circulation
thinner muscle
left side:
handles oxygenated blood
pumps blood to the entire body
systemic circulation
thicker muscle
function of the valves in the heart? What keeps the atrioventricular valves in place?
The valves ensure that blood flows in one direction and prevents backflow as the heart pumps
They are kept in place by the chordae tendinae
Four major vessels:
vena cava
pulmonary arteries
pulmonary veins
aorta
where does the blood come from and go in the vena cava
came from: the body
going to: the right atrium
where does blood come from and go in the pulmonary arteries:
came from: right ventricle
going to: the lungs (to pick up oxygen)
where does blood come from and go in the pulmonary veins:
came from: lungs
going to: left atrium
where does blood come from and go in the aorta
came from: left ventricle
going to: the body (delivering oxygenated blood)
why do we need coronary circulation?
It supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle, ensuring that the heart has energy to pump blood through the body
what is the pathway of blood from the right atrium to the inferior and superior vena cava?
right atrium –> tricuspid valve –> right ventricles –> pulmonary semilunar valve –> pulmonary arteries –> lungs –> pulmonary veins –> left atrium –> bicuspid valve –> left ventricle –> aortic semilunar valve –> aorta –> body –> vena cava
how does the patheway of conduciton work within the heart?
- Sinoatrial node (pacemaker) sends a signal
- signal spreads across atria
- atrioventricular node receives the signal
- atria contracts
- atrioventricular node sends signal to the av bundle and bundle branches
- signal spreads to the purkinje fibers
- ventricles contract
volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one contraction
stroke volume
amount of blood pumped by each side of the heart in one minute
cardiac output
when heart fails to pump properly, leading to either swelling in the body of fluid in the lungs
conjestive heart failure
when the coronary circulation is blocked and the heart muscle dies
heart attack
