Dunedin-Immunology Flashcards
What does the innate immunity include?
complement
phagocytosis
the acute phase proteins
NK cells
T and B cells NOT involved- exception IgM antibodies produced by the B1 CD5* subset
What is the innate response to intracellular infections?
and then adaptive B?
NK cells, cytokines, macrophages
Adaptive –> T cells –> B cell –> antibody
What is the innate response to extracellular infections? and then adaptive
polymorph cells and complement
adaptive: b-cell and antibody
What are 3 key cytokines macrophages produce?
IL-8 (recruitment cytokine)
TNF alpha (changes vasculature and goes to liver to produce acute phase proteins)
IL-1 (goes to hypothalamus and changes temperature set)
Describe the three complement pathways
What protects host cells against complement?
DAF (decay accelerating factor) and MCP(membrane cofactor protein) which break down C3 convertase
HRF (homologous restriction factor) C8 binding protein and CD59 which prevent the formation of MAC on host cells
What is the primary function of C3b?
opsonisation
Which immunoglobulin can activate the complement cascade?
IgG and IgM
IgM + C3b can bind to C3b receptors
What is an epitope?
Part of an antigen recognised by the antigen combining site of an antibody (paratope) or a T cell receptor.
What are toll like receptors?
they are receptors used by dendritic cells to determine ‘danger’
What chromosome is HLA (MHC) molecules encoded on?
chromosome 6
What is MHC class 1 and where do you find it?
Class 1, A, B, C, E.
on nucleated cells
What is MHC class 2 and where do you find it?
DP, DQ, DR
ONLY on antigen presenting cells
What is MHC Class 3?
HSP70, complement 2 and 4
Which interleukin causes proliferation of T cell?
IL-2
What is the difference between endogenous and exogenous pathway regarding MHC?
endogenous –>present via MHC Class 1
exogenous –> presents via MHC Class 2