DSA - Anatomy Of Autonomics Flashcards
How is the PNS divided
Sensory (afferent):
somatic (touch, pain, pressure etc.)
Visceral (stretch, pain, temp, irritation, internal body organs)
Motor (efferent):
Somatic (skeletal muscles)
ANS (motor innervation of smooth and cardiac muscles) - Sympathetic (flight or fight) and Parasympathetic (rest and repose)
ANS does what
Visceral motor and visceral sensory
Involuntary motor and sensation functions
Where are the pre and post synaptic neurons located in ANS
Pre = in CNS Post = in peripherally
Define sympathetic ANS
Catabolic - expends energy
Flight or fight
Distributed throughout entire body
Define parasympathetic ANS
Rest and digest
Distributed in head, neck, and body cavities
Not found in limbs
Define length, branching, and neuroxmitter release for parasympathetic and sympathetic ANS
Sympathetic:
Long postsynaptic fibers
Highly branched
Adrenergic, release norepi
Parasympathetic:
Short postsynaptic fibers
Few branches - localized effect
Cholinergic, releases acetylcholine
Where are the presynaptic neurons found in the sympathetic ANS and where do they exit from
Found in intermediolateral gray horn
Exit from spinal N. T1 - L2/3
Where are the postsynaptic fibers of sympathetic ANS found
In the sympathetic trunks (on either side of vertebral column)
The axons of the sympathetic division leave the spinal cord via what
The ventral roots
Where is white rami found
From T1 - L2/3
Where is gray rami found
Entire length of vertebral column
What type of axons are sent from the sympathetic presynaptic neurons in the intermediolateral horn to the spinal N.
MYELINATED
Where are the thoracic splanchnic N. Found
In abdomen and pelvis
Describe the thoracic splanchnic N.
The presynaptic axon exits the chain via the thoracic splanchnic N. To synapse in the collateral ganglia located in the abdomen. Then follow blood vessels to organs
Describe the cardiopulmonary splanchnic N.
Transmit postsynaptic sympathetic axons to the heart and lungs having already synapsed within the cervical ganglia of the sympathetic chain
Define the role of the adrenal medulla
Major organ on the sympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic preganglia fibers synapse on medullary chromaffin cells which release norepi and epi when stimulated
What are the two outflows of the parasympathetic nervous system
Cranial - innervates head, neck, thorax, and abdomen
Sacral - innervates organs of the pelvis and lower abdomen
Where are the presynaptic cell bodies of the parasympathetic ANS located and where do the axons run
In the visceral motor region of the intermediolateral column
Axons run in ventral roots and out via the ventral rami
Where do presynaptic parasympathetic ANS neurons innervate
Synapse with postsynaptic neurons within the organ they innervate
The axons of presynaptic parasympathetic neurons leave the brainstem in what CN?
CN III, VII, IX, & X
The postsynaptic neurons associates with CN III, VII, and IX are located in what four ganglia and what do they innervate
Ciliary
Pterygopalatine
Submandibular
Otic ganglia
All located near target organs
Innervate the smooth muscle in the eye, lacrimal and salivary glands, and nasal and oral mucosa
