Drugs of Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

Define: Compulsive Drug-using behavior

A

Addiction

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2
Q

Define: Decreased response to a drug

A

Tolerance

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3
Q

Identify Etiology of tolerance:

increased disposition of the drug

A

Metabolic Tolerance

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4
Q

Identify Etiology of tolerance:

ability to compensate for the effects of a drug

A

Behavioral Tolerance

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5
Q

Identify Etiology of tolerance:

Changes in receptor or effector systems involved in drug actions

A

Functional Tolerance

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6
Q

Abstinence syndrome is also known as

A

Withdrawal syndrome

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7
Q

Dopamine in the __________ of the brain appears to play a role in reward.

A

Mesolimbic System

Excess dopamine stimulation may lead to pathologic reinforcement

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8
Q

Enumerate: Amphetamines

A

Detroamphetamine

Metamphetamine

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9
Q

Identify Drug:
Feeling of euphoria and self-confidence
In chronic high dose, can lead to psychotic state, necrotizing arteritis (leading to cerebral hemorrhage and renal failure)

A

Amphetamines

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10
Q

Pathophysiology of Amphetamine Overdose

A

Increased release of catecholamines

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11
Q

Tx for Amphetamine overdose

A

No antidote
Control body temp
Protect against cardiac arrhythmia and seizures

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12
Q

Pathophysiology of Amphetamine Withdrawal

A

It’s like from overdrive to crashing

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13
Q

Tx for Amphetamine withdrawal

A

Antidepressants (amineptin, mirtazapine) are of limited benefit
Acidify urine to increase elimination

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14
Q

Similar drugs to Amphetamines

Congeners

A

DOM
MDA
MDMA (Ecstasy)

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15
Q

Effects of Similar drugs to Amphetamines (Congeners)

A

more selective action on serotonin transporters
facilitate interpersonal communication
acts as sexual enhancers
depletion of neurons in serotonergic tracts

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16
Q

Sx of MDMA Overdose

A
Profound hyponatremia
Serotonin Syndrome
Heart
Kidney
CNS
17
Q

Tx for MDMA Overdose

A
Supportive care (control seizures, hyperthermia, and serotonin syndrome)
Fluid resuscitation with HYPERTONIC SALINE for hyponatremia
18
Q

Cocaine has similar effects to this drug

A

Amphetamine

19
Q

Effects of Cocaine

A

Short-lasting euphoria, self confidence and mental alertness

20
Q

Sx of Cocaine Overdose

A
Mydriasis (Nakakita ka ng Coke, nanlaki mata mo)
Crack Lung (Hemorrhagic Alveolitis)
21
Q

Tx for Cocaine Overdose

A

No specific antidote

Supportive care

22
Q

When used in pregnancy, this drug is associated with increased fetal morbidity and mortality

23
Q

Sx of Cocaine withdrawal: Stimulating/Depressive?

A

Depressive

24
Q

Tx for Cocaine Withdrawal

A

Antidepressant drugs may be incidated

25
Infants born to mothers who abused this drug can have Cystic Cortical Lesions
Cocaine
26
Enumerate Phencyclidine Agents
Phencyclidine | Ketamine
27
Effects of Phencyclidine
Antagonists of Glutamate NMDA | No actions on Dopa neurons in the CNS
28
Most dangerous hallucinogenic agent
PCP | Psychomimetic
29
Sx of Phencyclidine Overdose
Horizontal and Vertical Nystagmus | Fatal Seizures
30
Tx for Phencyclidine Overdose
Parenteral benzodiazepines (Diazepam, Lorazepam) to curb excitation and protect against seizures
31
Enumerate Miscellaneous HALLUCINOGENIC Agents
LSD Mescaline Psilocybin
32
Effects of Hallucinogenic Agents
Psychedelic and mind ravelling effects Marked somatic effects Panic reactions
33
Active ingredient in Marijuana
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
34
More potent and partially purified Marijuana is called
Hashish
35
Effects of Marijuana are potentiated by concomitant use of _____________ like ethanol Class?
Sedative - Hypnotics
36
Effects of marijuana
``` Dream like state Vasodilation Tachycardia Reddened conjunctiva (Bloody Mari(juana) = Red) Dry mouth (ANTICHOLINERGIC! Like atropine) ```