Drugs For Coagulation Disorders Flashcards

0
Q

ADP: Platelet________

A

Aggregation

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1
Q

Potent endothelium derived vasoconstrictor

A

Endothelin

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2
Q

TXA2: Platelet _______ and ___________

A

Activation and vasoconstriction

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3
Q

Serotonin: Platelet __________ and ___________

A

Aggregation and vasoconstriction

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4
Q

Anticoagulants

A

Heparin
Warfarin
Direct Thrombin Inhibitors

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5
Q

Thrombolytics

A

T-PA derivatives

Streptokinase

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6
Q

Antiplatelet drugs

A

Aspirin
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors
Clopidogrel
PDE/Adenosine uptake inhibitors

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7
Q

Drugs that facilitate clotting

A

Vit K
Antiplasmin drugs
Replacement factors

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8
Q

Nonselective irreversible cox 1 and 2 inhibitor
Inhibits platelet aggregation
Drug for ARTERIAL THROMBI (increased platelets vs. venous thrombi)

Drug?

A

Aspirin

LAHAT NG MAY -SAL- at -ATE

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9
Q

Toxic dose and lethal dose of Aspirin

A

Toxic 150mg/kg

Lethal 500 mg/kg

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10
Q

Drug associated with Reye Syndrome in children

A

Aspirin

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11
Q

Triad of Aspirin Hypersensitivity?

A

SAMTER TRIAD
Asthma
Aspirin sensitivity
Nasal polyps

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12
Q

Expected acid base abnormality in salicylate poisoning

A

Respiratory alkalosis with HAGMA

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13
Q

Presentation of aspirin toxicity in adults vs. children?

A

Adults: Respiratory Alkalosis + HAGMA
Children: Pure HAGMA

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14
Q

Inhibits platelet aggregation by interfering with GpIIB/IIIA binding
Drug used during PCI, adjunct to thrombolysis, ACS
Prevents vessel restenosis, reinfarction and death

Drug, class?

A

Abciximab, Antiplatelet

Eprifibatide, Tirofiban

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15
Q

Drug that irreversibly inhibits binding of ADP to platelet receptors reducing platelet aggregation
For prevention and treatment of ARTERIAL thrombosis
SE: bleeding
Additive effects with ASA

A

Clopidogrel

Ticlopidine, Prasugrel

16
Q

Inhibits Phosphodiesterase III, inhibits platelet aggregation and causes vasodilation
Drug for intermitent claudication, prevention of thromboembolic complications of cardiac valve replacement, and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke (with aspirin)

Drug, class?

A

Dipyridamole, Anti-platelet
(Cilostazol)

Dipyridamole has little or no benefit by itself
Cilostazol is contraindicated in HF

17
Q

Anticoagulants: Indirect Thrombin Inhibitors

A

heparin, enoxaparin (LMWH), lepirudin

18
Q

Anticoagulants: Direct Thrombin Inhibitors

A

Coumarin derivatives (Warfarin)

19
Q

route of administration:
Heparin:________
Warfarin:________

A

Heparin: IV
Warfarin: Oral

20
Q

Speed of Onset:
Heparin:________
Warfarin:________

A

Heparin: rapid (mins)
Warfarin: slow (days)

20
Q

Can this be given in Pregnancy?
Heparin:________
Warfarin:________

A

Heparin: Yes
Warfarin: No

21
Q

Activates Antithrombin III
Drug for DVT, Pulmo Embo, MI
SE: Drug-induced Thrombocytopenia
Monitor PTT (Normal is 1.5-2.5)

Drug, Class

A

Heparin, Anticoagulant

22
Q

Antidote for Heparin Toxicity

A

Protamine Sulfate

23
Q

Potentiates effect of antithrombin III on Factor Xa (more selective), less effect on Thrombin
Drug for DVT, Pulmo Embo, MI
SE: less risk of thrombocytopenia
Does not require PTT monitoring

Drug, Class

A

Enoxaparin, Anticoagulant
(Fondaparinux, Tinzaparin, Danaparoid, Dalteparin)

Protamine is only partially effective in reversal of effects

24
Q

Binds to Thrombin’s active site and inhibits its enzymatic action
Drug for PErcutaneous Coronary Angiography (with ASA), HEparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Monitor with PTT
No reversal agents exist, use with caution in pxs with renal insufficiency

Drug, Class

A

Lepirudin, Anticoagulant

Desirudin, Bivalirudin, Argatroban

25
Q

Inhibits Vit K epoxide reductase (Factor 2,7,9,10,ProteinC/S)
Drug for chronic anticoagulation, except in pregnancy
SE: bleeding, drug-induced skin necrosis (for pxs with protein c&s deficiencies)
Monitor PT

Drug, Class

A

Warfarin, Anticoagulant

Dicumarol

26
Q

Antidote for Warfarin toxicity

A
Vitamin K (slow)
FFP (fast)
Discontinue drug
27
Q

Anticoagulant with narrow therapeutic window

Active ingredient in most rat poisons

A

Warfarin

28
Q

Why is an overlap of warfarin and heparin necessary?

A

Warfarin is initially prothrombotic and requires elimination of preformed clotting factors (8-60h)

29
Q

Drug that partially reverses effects of LMWHs

A

Protamine Sulfate

Chemical antagonist of heparin

30
Q

tPA analog converting plasminogen to plasmin, degrading fibrin and fibrinogen, causing thrombolysis
Drug for acute MI, Ischemic stroke, pulmonary embolism
SE: cerebral hemorrhage

Drug, Class

A

Alteplase, Thrombolytic
(STREPTOKINASE)

LAHAT NG MAY -PLASE/-KINASE

32
Q

Loss of effectiveness on 2nd use and allergic reactions may be observed with this thrombolytic

Drug?

A

Streptokinase

33
Q

Completely inhibits plasminogen activation
Drug for prevention of acute bleeding
Contraindicated in DIC and genitourinary bleeding
Antidote for Streptokinase Toxicity

Drug, Class

A

Aminocaproic Acid, Antiplasmin

Tranexamic Acid

34
Q

Increases supply of reduced vitK
Drug for VitK deficiency, Warfarin antidote, prevents bleeding in newborns
SE: infusion reaction

Drug, Class

A

Vit K1 Phytonadione
Vit K2 Menaquinone
Vit K3 Menadione (never use in therapeutics, ineffective)

Endogenous vitamin

35
Q

Vasopressin V2 agonist
Drug for Hemophilia A, vWD, Central DI
SE: Headaches, flushing, hyponatremia, seizures
Increases factor VIII activity of pxs with mild Hemophilia A or vWD

Drug?

A

Desmopressin