Antimycobacterial Drugs Flashcards
Nicotinic acid derivative
Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis, bactericidal
Drug for TB
SE: Neurotoxicity, hepatitis, drug-induced Lupus
Potent CYP450 inhibitor
Isoniazid
Most important drug for TB
Isoniazid
Prevent neurotoxicity in Isoniazid by giving
Pyridoxine
Vit B6
Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase, bactericidal
Drug for TB (Active, latent), leprosy, meningococcal and staphylococcal carrier states
SE: Red orange urine, hepatotoxicity, flu like syndrome
Potent CYP450 INDUCER
Delays resistance to dapsone
Rifampicin
Don’t be confused with RNA-Dependent DNA Polymerase (HIV DRUGS)
RNA polymerase inhibitor
Red Orange body fluids
Rapid development of resistance
Revs up Cytochrome P450
Inhibits RNA-Dependent DNA Polymerase
HIV Drugs
Don’t be confused with DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (Rifampicin)
Butanol derivative
Acts on mycobacterial cell wall, bacteriostatic
Drug for active TB
SE: Visual disturbances, red-green color blindness, retrobulbar neuritis, retinal damage
Perform baseline ophthalmologic exam before starting antimycobacterial therapy
Ethambutol
EYE
No liver toxicity
Bacteriostatic but can be bacteriocidal on actively dividing mycobacteria Drug for active TB SE: Hepatotoxicity, Hyperuricemia Also known as sterilizing agent MOST HEPATOTOXIC TB Drug
Pyrazinamide
Which anti-TB drugs are hepatotoxic?
Iso a Red Pyre!
Isoniazid<Pyrazinamide
Drug for streptomycin resistant TB
Amikacin
Drug for TB resistant to first line drugs
Ciprofloxacin
Ofloxacin
Drug with no cross resistance with INH
Ethionamide
Drug rarely used in TB because primary resistance is common
P-Aminosalicylic Acid (PAS)
Alternative Anti-TB drug
SE: Ototoxicity
Capreomycin
Alternative Anti-TB drug
SE: Peripheral Neuropathy
Cycloserine
Inhibits Folic Acid Synthesis, bacteriostatic
Drug for leprosy, backup for PCP Pneumonia
SE: Methemoglobinemia
Most active drug against M. Leprae
Ususally in combination with Rifampicin and Cofazimine
Dapsone
