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Neuro Block 5-RG > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Nitrous oxide

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indications
A
  • inhalation anesthetic
  • diffuse interaction with membranes
  • general anesthesia, second gas effect
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2
Q

Halothane

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • inhalation anesthetic
  • diffuse interaction with membranes
  • rapid induction
  • malignant hyperpyrexia when used w/ succinylcholine
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3
Q

Isoflurane

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • inhalation anesthetic
  • diffuse interaction with membranes
  • rapid induction
  • less hepatotoxicity
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4
Q

Desflurane

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • inhalation anesthetic
  • diffuse interaction with membranes
  • good, rapid induction
  • pricey machine, near room temperature vaporization point
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5
Q

Sevoflurane

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • inhalation anesthetic
  • diffuse interaction with membranes
  • best inhalation anesthetic we have
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6
Q

Thiopentinal

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • barbiturates
  • increase duration of GABA action
  • induction of anesthesia
  • most rapid onset
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7
Q

Phenobarbital

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indiction
A
  • barbiturates
  • increase duration of GABA action
  • induction of anesthesia
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8
Q

Methohexital

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • barbiturates
  • increase duration of GABA action
  • induction of anesthesia
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9
Q

Diazepam

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • benzodiazepine
  • increases firing frequency of GABA channels
  • induction of anesthesia
  • may cause anterograde amnesia
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10
Q

Lorazepam

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • benzodiazepine
  • increase firing frequency of GABA channels
  • induction of anesthesia
  • may cause anterograde amnesia
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11
Q

Midozolam

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • benzodiazepine
  • increase firing frequency of GABA channels
  • induction of anesthesia
  • may cause anterograde amnesia
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12
Q

Propofol

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • injectable anesthetic
  • diffuse membrane interaction
  • anesthesia at injection site
  • can cause apnea and injection at site of pain
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13
Q

Ketamine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • dissociative anesthetic
  • decrease NMDA Glu receptor activity
  • anesthesia
  • no CV depression
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14
Q

Fentanyl

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • opioid analgesics
  • inhibits Ca2+ on presynaptic neuron + activation of K+ channels on post-synaptic ==> hyperpolarization + inhibition of inhibitory GABA-ergic interneuron on descending pathway ==> activation of descending pathway
  • nociceptive pain
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15
Q

Sufentanyl

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • opioid analgesics
  • inhibits Ca2+ on presynaptic neuron + activation of K+ channels on post-synaptic ==> hyperpolarization + inhibition of inhibitory GABA-ergic interneuron on descending pathway ==> activation of descending pathway
  • nociceptive pain
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16
Q

Eszoplicone

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • non-benzodiazepine benzodiazepine agonists
  • bind benzodiazepine binding site
  • sedative
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17
Q

Zolpidem

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • non-benzodiazepine benzodiazepine agonist
  • bind benzodiazepine binding site
  • sedative
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18
Q

Zaleplon

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • non-benzodiazepine benzodiazepine agonist
  • bind to benzodiazepine binding site
  • sedative
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19
Q

Busprione

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • anxyolytic
  • 5-HT-1A receptor agonist
  • anxiety
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20
Q

Ramelteon

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • melatonin agonist
  • agonist at MT1 and MT2 receptors
  • sedative
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21
Q

Haloperidol

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • first generation antipsychotic
  • D2 antagonist
  • psychoses
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22
Q

Chloropromazine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • first generation antipsychotic
  • D2 antagonist
  • psychoses
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23
Q

Thioridzaine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • first generation antipsychotic
  • D2 antagonist
  • psychoses
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24
Q

Fluphenazine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • first generation antipsychotic
  • D2 antagonist
  • psychoses
25
Q

Clozapine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • second generation antipsychotic
  • D2 antagonist + 5-HT-2A receptor antagonist
  • psychoses
26
Q 
Risperidone
Olonzapine
Quetiapine
Ziprasidone
Aripriprazole
-class
-mechanism
-indication
A
  • second generation antipsychotic
  • D2 antagonist + 5-HT-2A receptor antagonist
  • psychoses
27
Q

Carbamazepine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • antiseizure
  • stabilizes VG Na+ channels
  • focal or secondary generalized tonic-clonic
28
Q

Ethosuximide

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • antiseizure
  • VG T-type dependent Ca2+ channel antagonist
  • absence seizure
29
Q

Levitiracitam

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • antiseizure
  • SV2A SNARE protein interaction, decreases Glu and increases GABA release
  • focal, tonic-clonic, myclonic
30
Q

Phenytoin

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • antiseizure
  • stabilizes inactivated VG Na+ channels
  • partial and generalized tonic-clonic –> 2nd line Tx
  • zero order kinetics–upping dose does not change effect
31
Q

Topiramate

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • antiseizure
  • increased inactivation of Na+ channels and decreases AMPA activity
  • focal and generalized tonic-clonic
32
Q

Valproic Acid

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • antiseizure
  • many actions
  • generalized tonic-clonic
33
Q

Desipramine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • tricyclic antidepressant
  • NE reuptake inhibitor
  • depression
34
Q

Imipramine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • tricyclic antidepressant
  • NE and 5-HT reuptake inhibitor
  • depression
35
Q

Phenylzene

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • monoamine oxidase inhibitor
  • blocks monoamine oxidase in synapse
  • depression
  • cannot consume beer, wine, aged cheese, others
36
Q

Fluoxetine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
  • 5-HT reuptake inhibitor
  • depression
37
Q

Escitalopram

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
  • 5-HT reuptake inhibitor
  • depression
38
Q

Sertraline

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
  • 5-HT reuptake inhibitor
  • indication
39
Q

Venlafaxine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • atypical antidepressant
  • NE and 5-HT reuptake inhibitor
  • depression
  • serotonin syndrome when also taking MAOIs
40
Q

Mirtazapine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • atypical antidepressant
  • ɑ2 antagonist on presynaptic cell (autoreceptor and hertoreceptor) –> increase NE and 5-HT
  • depression
41
Q

Methylphenidate

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • stimulant
  • enhances DA release
  • ADHD
42
Q

Amphetamine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • stimulant
  • NE and DA reuptake inhibitor
  • ADHD
43
Q

Atomoxetine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • stimulant
  • highly selective NE reuptake inhibitor
  • adult ADHD
44
Q

Lithium carbonate

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • anti-bipolar
  • disrupts postsynaptic neuron
  • bipolar disorder
45
Q

Valproic acid

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • anti-bipolar, anticonvulsant
  • enhances GABA release
  • bipolar disorder, seizures
46
Q

Carbamazepine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • anti-bipolar, anticonvulsant
  • stabilizes VG Na+ channels
  • bipolar disorders, seizures
47
Q

Galantamine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • anti-AChE
  • anti-AChE and enhances ACh release at nAChR
  • Alzheimer disease
48
Q

Rivastigmine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • anti-AChE and anti-BuChE
  • anti-AChE and anti-BuChE
  • Alzheimer disease
49
Q

Tacrine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • anti-AChE
  • anti-AChE
  • Alzheimer disease
50
Q

Memantine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • antagonist at NMDA receptor
  • blocks NMDA receptor
  • Alzheimer disease
51
Q

Modafanil

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • CNS stimulant
  • increase DA in striatum, increase NE in hypothalamus, increase 5-HT in amygdala and frontal cortex
  • ADHD
52
Q

Armodafonil

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • CNS stimulant
  • increase DA in striatum, increase NE in hypothalamus, increase 5-HT in amygdala and frontal cortex
  • ADHD
53
Q

Caffeine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • xanthine
  • phosphodiesterase and adenosine antagonist (?)
  • medical school
54
Q

Theophylline

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • xanthine
  • phosphodiesterase and adenosine antagonist (?)
  • bronchial asthma (sm. muscle relaxant)
55
Q

Cocaine

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • stimulant
  • NE and DA reuptake inhibitor
  • desire to go to jail
56
Q

MDMA

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • stimulant (street drug only)
  • increase 5-HT-2A, NE, Epi, DA
  • rage party
57
Q

Bath salts

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • amphetamine derivatives
  • similar to cocaine: NE and DA reuptake inhibitors
  • bring a zombie back to life
58
Q

Flumazenil

  • class
  • mechanism
  • indication
A
  • benzodiazepine antagonist
  • blocks benzodiazepine binding site
  • benzodiazepine overdose

Neuro Block 5-RG (17 decks)

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