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BB CC > Drug dependance > Flashcards

Drug dependance Flashcards

1
Q

Drug abuse

A

Pattern of drug use in which users consume substance in amounts or using methods which are directly or indirectly harmful to themselves or others

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2
Q

Drug dependence

A

An adaptive state that develops after repeated drug use and which results in withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of drug use

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3
Q

Drug tolerance

A

Diminishing effect of a drug which results after repeated administration at a set dose

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4
Q

Psychological dependence

A

Dependence that involves emotional-motivational withdrawal symptoms

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5
Q

Physical dependence

A

Dependence that involves significant physical-somatic withdrawal symptoms

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6
Q

Class A drug

A 
Heroin
Methadone
Cocaine
Ecstasy
LSD
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7
Q

Class B drug

A

Amphetamines
Ketamine
Codeine
Cannabis

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8
Q

Class C drug

A

Anabolic steroids

Benzodiazepines

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9
Q

Opiates target

A

Mu and delta opioid receptors

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10
Q

Cocaine targets

A

DA, NAd and 5HT uptake systems

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11
Q

Amphetamine targets

A

Monoaminergic transmission uptake systems

TAAR1 agonist

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12
Q

Ethanol targets

A

GABAa and NMDA receptors

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13
Q

Nicotine targets

A

Nicotinic receptors

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14
Q

Cannabinoids target

A

CB1 receptors

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15
Q

Ketamine targets

A

NMDA glutamate receptors

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16
Q

Hallucinogens target

A

5HT2a receptors

17
Q

Barbiturates and benzodiazepines target

A

GABAa receptors

18
Q

Genes of addiction

A

OPRM1

SLC6A3

19
Q

Reward circuit- dopaminergic

A

Dopaminergic projection from ventral tegmental area –> nucleus accumbens

20
Q

Withdrawal mechanisms

A

Drugs of abuse can up-regulate the opioid peptide dynorphin

Activation of kappa opioid receptors can trigger dysphoria, by reducing dopamine release

21
Q

Addicts- dopamine receptors + cerebral metabolism

A

Reduced availability D2 receptors + reduced metabolism

22
Q

Core clinical symptoms of addiction

A

Intoxication
Bingeing
Withdrawal
Craving

23
Q

Acute alcohol ingestion

A

Depressed excitatory transmission + potentiated inhibitory transmission

24
Q

Grey matter in alcoholics

A

Shrinkage

25
Q

MDMA cellular targets

A 
5-HT uptake system
Dopamine uptake system
5-HT2 receptors
H2 histamine receptors
α2 adrenergic receptors
26
Q

Acute MDMA toxicity

A 
Temperature elevation
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Rhabdomyolysis (blocked by dantrolene)
Increased renal reabsorbtion of water
Hyponatraemia
Cerebral oedema
27
Q

Cannabinoids

A

Bind to CB1 + CB2 receptors
CB1- concentrated in CNS
CB2- peripheral organs + associated with immune system
Mainly inhibitory effects- medium spiny neurones, pyramidal cells

28
Q

Disulfiram

A

Allows build up of toxic breakdown product of acetaldehyde

Used for alcoholics

BB CC (29 decks)

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