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DPC Antibacterials Flashcards

1
Q

UTI

A

E. coli

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2
Q

Sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media

A

S. pneumoniae, H. flu, M. cat, Group A strep

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3
Q

Skin and soft tissue

A

S. aureus, Group A strep

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4
Q

CAP

A

S. pneumoniae, H. flu, M. cat

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5
Q

Beta lactams (bactericidal)

A

PCN
CPN
Carbapenems
Monobactams

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6
Q

Beta lactam AE

A

Allergic or hypersensitivity reactions
Seizures (high doses)
N/V/D
Interstitial nephritis

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7
Q

PCN common uses

A

Syphilis
Pharyngitis
Endocarditis
Dental infections

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8
Q

PCN counseling pearls

A
  • finish entire Rx
  • mild diarrhea
  • take in intervals (empty stomach)
  • refrigerate suspension (discard after 14 days)
  • rash/hives: CPN are an option
  • anaphylaxis: do not use CPN
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9
Q

Natural PCN

A 
Penicillin G 
Penicillin V (Pen-Vee K, Veetids)
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10
Q

Antistaphylococcal PCN common uses

A

Skin and soft tissue infections

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11
Q

Antistaphylococcal PCN

A

Dicloxacillin

Cloxacillin

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12
Q

Aminopenicillins common uses

A

Otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis

H. pylori eradication

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13
Q

Aminopencillins

A

Ampicillin

Amoxicillin

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14
Q

B-lactam/B-lactamase inhibitor uses

A

Beta-lactamase inhibitor: MSSA, G- rods, H. flu, M. cat, anaerobes
Mixed infections (aspiration pneumonia, diabetic ulcers)
Bite wounds
Otitis media, sinusitis

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15
Q

B-lactam/B-lactamase inhibitor counseling pearls

A
  • take with food to decrease stomach upset
  • diarrhea is common
  • refrigerate suspension (discard after 10 days)
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16
Q

B-lactam/B-lactamase inhibitor

A

Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin)

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17
Q

First gen CPN uses

A

Skin and soft tissue infections

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18
Q

First gen CPN

A

Cephalexin (Keflex)

Cefadroxil (Duricef)

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19
Q

Second gen CPN uses

A

Otitis media, sinusitis
Bronchitis
Pneumococcal pneumoniae

20
Q

Second gen CPN

A

Cefaclor
Cefprozil
Cefuroxime (Ceftin)

21
Q

Third gen CPN uses

A

Otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis
CAP
UTI
Gonorrhea (cefixime)

22
Q

Third gen CPN

A

Cefixime
Cefdinir (Omnicef)
Cefpodoxime
Ceftibuten

23
Q

Macrolides common uses

A 
CAP 
Bronchitis, pertussis 
Chlamydia 
M. avium (trt, prophylaxis) 
H. pylori eradication
24
Q

Macrolides AE

A

N/V/D (erythromycin)
QT prolongation (erythromycin)
DDI: CYP450 inhibitors (anti arrhythmias, cyclosporine, digoxin, theophylline, diltiazem, verapamil)

25
Q

Macrolides

A

Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
Erythromycin

26
Q

Fluoroquinolone common uses

A 
CAP, sinusitis, bronchitis 
UTI 
Skin and soft tissue 
Pseudomonas infection 
Osteomyelitis
27
Q

Fluoroquinolone AE

A 
Nausea, dyspepsia 
Photosensitivity 
HA, dizziness, insomnia (confusion, hallucinations) 
Seizures 
QT prolongation (dose related) 
Blood glucose fluctuation 
Arthralgia
28
Q

Fluoroquinolone counseling pearls

A
  • do NOT take w/ Ca, iron, zinc antacids, milk, or MVI
  • DDI: warfarin, theophylline, anti arrhythmics
  • may cause increased sensitivity to sunlight
  • contact MD if tendon inflammation or pain develops
29
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
Moxifloxacin (Avelox)

30
Q

Tetracyclines (bacteriostatic) uses

A 
CAP 
Bronchitis, sinusitis 
Skin and soft tissue (CA-MRSA) 
Chlamydia 
H. pylori eradication 
Tick borne diseases 
Acne
31
Q

Tetracycline AE

A

Nausea, diarrhea, esophageal irritation
Photosensitivity
Tooth discoloration (children)
Dizziness, vertigo

32
Q

Tetracycline counseling points

A
  • do NOT take with Ca, iron, zinc, milk or MVI
  • may cause increased sensitivity to sunlight
  • take with full glass of water (remain upright for 30mins)
33
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Doxycycline (Vibramycin)
Minocylcine (Minocin)
Tetracycline

34
Q

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole uses

A

PCP prophylaxis and trt
Skin and soft tissue (CA-MRSA)
UTI

35
Q

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole AE

A
  • allergic reaction (rash, SJS)
  • photosensitivity
  • bone marrow suppression
  • crystalluria, hyperkalemia
36
Q

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole counseling pearls

A
  • finish entire Rx
  • increase sensitivity to sunlight
  • maintain adequate hydration
  • DDI: warfarin, methotrexate, dofetilide
37
Q

Clindamycin uses

A

Skin and soft tissue

Dental infections

38
Q

Clindamycin AE

A

Diarrhea (C. diff)

39
Q

Clindamycin (Cleocin) counseling pearls

A
  • abdominal cramping and diarrhea
  • do NOT refrigerate reconstituted solution (discard after 2 weeks)
  • oral solution has foul taste
40
Q

Linezolid AE

A

Nausea, diarrhea, HA
Bone marrow suppression
Peripheral neuropathy, optic neuritis

41
Q

Linezolid counseling pearls

A
  • store at room temp after reconstitution (discard after 21 days)
  • DDI: serotonergic agents, pseudoephedrine
42
Q

Nitrofurantoin uses

A

Uncomplicated lower UTI

43
Q

Nitrofurantoin AE

A

N/V
Acute pneumonitis (cough, fever, dyspnea)
Pulmonary fibrosis
Peripheral neuropathy

44
Q

Nitrofurantoin counseling pearls

A
  • finish entire Rx (7 days) (NOT appropriate for 3 day UTI therapy)
  • take with food to decrease stomach upset
  • may cause urine discoloration (brown)
  • contact MD if numbness, tingling or burning pain in hands, legs, feet
  • report any SOB, cough or fever
45
Q

Metronidazole uses

A

Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis
C. diff colitis
H. pylori eradication

46
Q

Metronidazole AE

A

N/V/D
Metallic taste
Peripheral neuropathy, HA
Urine discoloration (black, brown, dark)

47
Q

Metronidazole counseling pearls

A
  • may take with food to decrease stomach upset
  • metallic taste disturbances
  • may cause urine discoloration
  • avoid alcohols (disulfiram-like reaction)
  • DDI: warfarin

Pharmacy Drugs (37 decks)

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