Domain II, Inman Review Points Flashcards

1
Q

In community surveys, a frequent symptom of malnutrition is

A

low hemoglobin

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2
Q
Which is the least common symptom in the elderly?
Osteomalacia
osteoporosis
obesity
hypertension
A

Osteomalacia

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3
Q

What is included in the study of demographics?

A

Age, sex, population stats

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4
Q

Nutritional prescription for a patient with cardiac cachexia includes

A

Low sodium, low sat fat, low cholesterol, high calorie

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5
Q

An alcoholic patient has a low serum albumin, low hemooglobin, high ammonia, abnormal liver function tests and ascites. Why is he on a 500 mg sodium diet?

A

Hypoalbuminemia

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6
Q

The elderly need how many mL of water per Kg?

A

25 - 30

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7
Q

If a man normally consuming 2600 calories per day reduces his intake to 1500 calories per day, how much weight will he lose in one week?

A

1 Kg

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8
Q
For which of the following diseases is diet therapy the primary treatment?
peptic ulcer
diabetes
Wilson's disease
galactosemia
A

Galactosemia

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9
Q

Chemically defined formulas are used for:

A

Short bowel syndrome

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10
Q

Which set of health conditions s most commonly seen in American children?

A

Obesity, dental caries, anemia

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11
Q
Which is not a fiber in the diet?
cellulose
hemicellulose
amylose
pectin
A

Amylose

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12
Q

The program that provides nutrition education to teachers and food service personnel is the

A

NETP

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13
Q

Research suggest that in order to guard against cancer you should ingest

A

carotene and vitamin C

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14
Q

Which of the following may be the cause of loose stools in a tube fed patient

  • Feeding was administered at too rapid a rate
  • The osmolality of the feeding was too low
  • The patient is constipated
  • An inadequate amount of intestinal surface area
A

Feeding was administered at too rapid a rate AND an inadequate amount of intestinal surface area

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15
Q

Iron deficiency anemia has the following characteristics

A

small, pale cells, hypochromic, microcytic

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16
Q

Which hormone moves milk through the mammary ducts?

A

oxytocin

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17
Q
Which is a measure of somatic protein?
serum albumin
serum transferrin
MAMC
tricep skinfold
A

MAMC

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18
Q

Nutritional therapy for hepatits includes

A

high protein, high CHO, mod fat, high calories

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19
Q

Hormones that control blood pressure and blood components are produced in

A

the kidneys

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20
Q

An acid ash would be created by ingesting

A

corn, cranberries

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21
Q

Symptoms of nephrosis include

A

albuminuria, hypercholesterolemia

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22
Q

The catecholamines released during stress cause

A

Hyperglycemia

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23
Q

The diet for galactosemia should exclude

A

organ meats, MSG

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24
Q

The theory of obesity that refers to receptors in the hypothalamus is the

A

glucostatic theory

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25
Q

Closed enteral nutrition systems can be hanged for

A

24 - 48 hours

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26
Q

Iatrogenic manlnutrition is

A

protein, calorie malnutrition

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27
Q

What are the similarities between WIC and SNAP?

A

Regulated by the USDA, Have income criteria

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28
Q

A female who eats a wide variety of foods and takes supplemental iron and birth control pills may be

A

marginally deficient in folic acid

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29
Q

The immobilized state can lead to low levels of

A

albumin and calcium

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30
Q

Which nutrient may be absorbed during peritoneal dialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy, thus requiring a modification of his diet?

A

CHO

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31
Q

An infant formula for lactose intolerance might include

A

casein hydrolysate, corn oil, glucose, soy protein, and corn syrup solids

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32
Q

A patient with the nephrotic syndrome will likely exhibit

A

hypercholesterolemia, hypoalbuminemia, edema

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33
Q

A nephrotic syndrome patient should receive how many grams of protein per Kg

A

0.8 - 1

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34
Q

Fiber, like that found in oats, beans and bran cereals, result in

A

increased water absorption from the intestines

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35
Q

A patient suffering from bulimia may have all of the following symptoms except

  • A sore throat
  • dental problems
  • extreme weight loss
  • rectal bleeding
A

extreme weight loss

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36
Q

When conducting a physical assessment of a patient, which method is used to estimate fat stores?

A

Inspection

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37
Q

Current research on the relationship between cancer and diet includes all of the following except

  • Cancer is associated with the intake of vitamin A
  • It is related to demographic factors
  • It is related to epidemiologic data
  • It is related to epidemiologic data
  • it is associated with ascorbic acid
A

It is related to demographic factors

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38
Q

Catecholamines have what physiological effect?

A

Cause sodium retention

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39
Q

A patient with dehydration exhibits the symptoms of

A

sunken eyes, decreased renal function, increased tachycardia

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40
Q

Which of the following is not a guideline for medicaid?

  • Low income
  • Over the age of 60 only
  • Nutritional need
A

Over the age of 60 only, nutritional need

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41
Q

The healthy people 2020 goals are an outgrowth of a report by

A

the surgeon general, under HHS

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42
Q

When a starved patient begins to eat, they might expect

A

an increased workload on the heart

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43
Q

Which of the following is the appropriate diet for peritoneal dialysis

A

1.3 grams protein, 35 kcal/Kg

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44
Q

Which program provides food to needy individuals and families?

A

Food Banks

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45
Q

What is the goal of the dietary guidelines?

A

prevention of chronic disease

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46
Q

The allowance for SNAP is based on

A

the USDA thrifty food program

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47
Q

Nutritional advice to a parent with a child with autism spectrum disorder should include

A

normal intake based on age

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48
Q

A poor, healthy 19 year old mother is unsure how to feed her 4 year old child. Which program may offer the most help?

A

EFNEP

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49
Q

Which of the following affects bioelectrical impedance analysis?

A

water

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50
Q

Which correlates best with energy intake?

A

Body weight

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51
Q

Which of the following most affects osmolarity?

A

electrolytes

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52
Q

Which fiber is insoluble in water?

A

hemicellulose

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53
Q

Which of the following indicates protein calorie malnutrition?

  • A creatine height index of 93%
  • Height for weight ratio of 89%
  • Triceps skinfold and arm muscle circumference of 79%
  • Serum albumin of 4.5; transferrin of 410
A

Trcieps skinfold and arm muscle circumference of 79%

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54
Q

An appropriate measurement for iron status in a local community is

A

Hematocrit

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55
Q

Which of the following may help decrease cavities?

  • Raisins
  • Carrots
  • Cheese
  • Yogurt
A

Cheese

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56
Q

According to the ADA exchange lists, what is the nutrient content of the following: 1 cup raspberries, 1/2 cup cereal, 1 cup 1% milk,
1 tsp. matgarine, black coffee, 1 slice toast, 1 egg

A

Cal: 365
Pro 21
CHO 57
Fat 14

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57
Q

Which of the following diseases may lead to anemia?

  • Myocardial infarction
  • Galactosemia
  • Renal Failure
  • DM
A

Renal failure

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58
Q

Which of the following can be offered to a patient when his diet prescription is moved from NDD level 3 to level 2?

A

Soft pancake

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59
Q

A pork chop is which type of protein exchange?

A

lean protein

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60
Q

What should be encouraged in a headstart program?

A

Nutrition activities related to food

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61
Q

The stasis of pancreatic juice and bile could result in

  • Autodigestion
  • Fat malabsorption
  • Obstructive jaundice
  • All of the above
A

all of the above

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62
Q

Which of the following is not a governental agency?

  • Health and human services
  • FDA
  • Food and Nutritional Board
  • AHA
A

AHA

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63
Q

Low levels of folate, pyridoxine and cyanocobalamin are associated with

A

homocystinurias

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64
Q

A patient with low hemoglobin and low MCV might have:

A

Microcytic anemia

65
Q

According to the Food Lists for Diabetes Exchanges, 2 T of peanut butter is equivalent to

A

2 high fat proteins

66
Q

Who is the most appropriate candidate for parenteral nutrition?

  • 12 year old girl with appendectomy
  • Middle aged woman with chemotherapy
  • Elderly lady with emphysema
  • Young man with gall bladder surgery
A

young man with gall bladder surgery

67
Q

In reviewing the patient’s medical record you note a hemoglobin of 10 g / dL and an MCV of 110 cu mm. You should document

A

anemia with larger than normal erythrocytes

68
Q

A patient with hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia, and hypermagnesemia may have

A

renal disease

69
Q

A common result of treating an AIDS patient with zidovudine is?

A

Macrocytic anemia

70
Q

An obese person with type 2 diabetes should

A

achieve DBW

71
Q

A tube fed patient receiving bolus feedings develops a distended abdomen. What should you recommend?

A

decrease the rate

72
Q

The maximum hang time for an open enteral system is

A

4 hours

73
Q

Following a colectomy, the absorption of which of the following would be of the most concern?

A

water and sodium

74
Q

According to the diabetic exchange lists, which of the following is equivalent to one medium fat protein?

  • 4 oz tofu
  • 2 oz pork
  • 2 eggs
  • 2 T peanut butter
A

4 oz tofu

75
Q

A long term care patient has normal intestinal function but cannot eat. What tube feeding should you provide?

A

high protein, high calorie

76
Q

312 mL of 20% lipid emulsion provides ____ kcal

A

624

77
Q
Which will cause the most delay in gastric emptying?
-Lean baked meat
-broiled cod
shrimp
- corned beef
A

corned beef

78
Q

If a patient’s GFR is < 50 mL/minute, what should their protein intake be in g/kg?

A

0.6 - 0.8

79
Q

Which program teaches good nutrition practices and provides foods with certain nutrients?

A

WIC

80
Q

A PN patient is receiving 45 calories / Kg. What may be the result?

A

Hypokalemia

81
Q

A tube fed patient develops diarrhea. What is the most likely cause?

A

Medications

82
Q

The most useful data in evaluating the nutritional status of children is

A

energy intake an health history

83
Q

Enteral feeding products that contain protein in the form of small peptides and amino acids may be recommended for patients who have

A

Short bowel syndrome

84
Q

Which diet follows the AHA recommendations for healthy hearts?

A

=< 35% calories from fay, < 7% saturated fats, 5 - 10% PUFA, up to 20% MUFA, <200 mg cholesterol

85
Q

A renal patient has come for dialysis on Monday morning with a serum sodium of 130 mEq/L, a BUN of 100 mg/dL, creatinine 8.0, and a 4 Kg weight gain since his last dialysis on friday morning. His lab indicators were in acceptable ranges on friday afternoon.

Looking at this you would expect to see _______ bicarbonate, _________ potassium, _________ phosphorus

A

decreased, increased, increased

86
Q

A renal patient has come for dialysis on Monday morning with a serum sodium of 130 mEq/L, a BUN of 100 mg/dL, creatinine 8.0, and a 4 Kg weight gain since his last dialysis on friday morning. His lab indicators were in acceptable ranges on friday afternoon.

If this patient had been nauseated and had averaged only 400 calories from primarily starchy foods over the weekend you would expect to see …

A

Little or no rise in potassium, BUN/creatinine ratio <10

87
Q

Macrocytic, pernicious anemia resembles the anemia due to a deficiency of

A

folic acid

88
Q

Who has the greatest water, protein, and calorie needs per unit of body weight

  • 6 month old infant
  • 50 year old female
  • 16 year old male
  • 25 year old male
A

6 month old infant

89
Q

A patient with a redundant ileum may develop a deficiency of

A

vitamin B12

90
Q

What change should be made in the following menu if to be served to a 7th Day Adventist?
Tomato juice, cottage cheese fruit plate or egg sandwich, milk, coffee, tea

A

offer decaf beverages

91
Q

The best way to counsel a patient with anorexia nervosa is to

A

Emphasize the health benefits associated with increased intake

92
Q

When measuring a child’s somatic protein mass, use the BMI and

A

Upper arm muscle area

93
Q

Funding for public health program comes primarily from

A

General revenue

94
Q

In acute hepatitis, you would likely see

A

Increase in both SGOT and SGPT

95
Q

What should a Jewish patient include in his diet to increase intake of zinc

A

Turkey

96
Q

A vegan with macrocytic anemia needs which of the following?

A

Fortified soy milk

97
Q

Which of the following would likely be a cause of marasmus?

A

chemotherapy

98
Q

A patient on parenteral support develops sepsis. What is the likely cause?

A

bacterial translocation

99
Q

A critically ill patient will likely need hospitalization for many days. When should the discharge plan begin?

A

on the first day of admission

100
Q

What is not a likely cause of failure to thrive in a child?

A

a vegetarian diet

101
Q

A child with PKU can eat:

  • spaghetti with tomato sauce
  • vanilla ice cream
  • carrots and celery sticks
  • aspartame sweetened gelatin
A

carrots and celery sticks

102
Q

Which of the following would be classified as NI in the NCP?

  • Not ready for diet change
  • Altered GI function
  • Involuntary weight loss
  • Increased energy expenditure
A

Increased energy expenditure

103
Q

Which of the following would be appropriate for a hemodialysis patient on a 60 gram protein diet, with 75% from HBV protein?

  • 2 eggs, 2 oz chicken, 3 oz beef, 1/2 cup milk
  • 1 egg, 2 oz chicken, 3 slices bread, 3 oz beef
  • 2 eggs, 3 oz chicken, 3 ounces beef, 1 cup milk
  • 1 egg, 3 oz chicken, 2 cups milk, 5 slices of bread
A

1 egg, 3 oz chicken, 2 cups milk, 5 slices bread

104
Q

A father needs help in feeding his children, ages 6 and 8. Which are the best options?

A

SNAP and school lunch

105
Q

What would be an expected outcome of WIC?

A

Less anemia, increased HG and HT levels in women

106
Q

A concern with parenteral feeding is

A

hypokalemia

107
Q

An annual audiy shows that you have successfully met the indicator “95% of high risk patients area ssessed within 4 hours of admission” the next step is to

A

Evaluate the need to continue monitoring the indicator

108
Q

Which outcome would justify continuing a WIC program?

  • The number of participants enrolled increased
  • The infant morbidity rate decreased
  • Maternal weight gains during pregnancy increased
  • The number of diverse cultures participating increased
A

The infant morbidity rate decreased

109
Q

Which condition benefits from the use of indirect calorimetry?

A

Patient with third degree burns

110
Q

In most patients a normal gastric residual volume would be

A

less than 250 mL

111
Q

A patient on parenteral nutrition is to be transitioned to enteral feeding. He should receive

A

full strength enteral feeding at a low rate

112
Q

Which supplements are recommended with peritoneal dialysis

A

Same as those for hemodialysis plus thiamin

113
Q

Patients with cardiac cachexia on a loop diuretic should be evaluated for

A

Thiamin status

114
Q

Following an ileal resection, which supplements are recommended?

A

calcium, magnesium, zinc, fat soluble vitamins

115
Q

Which supplements are recommended with cirrhosis?

A

B complex, calcium, zinc, magnesium

116
Q

What diet is typically recommended for a patient who has undergone a gastrectomy?

A

CHO, protein, and fat at each meal, and restriction of fluids with meals

117
Q

Maple syrup urine disease and homocystinuria:

A

have protein as a nutrient of concern

118
Q

Retrovir (NRTI) can lead to low levels of

A

vitamin B12, copper, zinc

119
Q

Which guideline is used in planning meals for healthy people?

A

EAR

120
Q

The dietitians analytical skills are needed most in which component of the NSI

A

Level II

121
Q

The dietitians analytical skills are needed most in which component of the NSI?

A

Level III

122
Q

A patient receives 1800 mL of a 1 cal/cc formula with 44 grams protein per liter. How much protein will he receive?

A

79 grams

123
Q

Which tests measure somatic protein

A

creatine clearance, serum creatine

124
Q

Expected creatinine clearance is estimated from the client’s

A

weight and height

125
Q

How much water does an athlete need if they have lost 2 pounds?

A

32 ounces (2 lbs)

126
Q

Which vitamin will interfere with levodopa?

A

A

127
Q

Which nutrients would be most helpful when treating a patient with a progressive infection?

A

Phosphorus and zinc

128
Q

Why would you add bicarbonate to a solution for a person with hyperkalemia?

A

It exchanges hydrogen for potassium

129
Q

A patient on levodopa should

A

minimize protein at a breakfast and lunch, and add it to dinner

130
Q

Four patients are admitted to your service. Who would you address first?

  • patient who had a recent MI
  • patient with gastric distress
  • patient with cancer
  • patient admitted for an appendectomy
A

Patient with gastric distress

131
Q

Which of the following is an example of a secondary prevention program?

  • offer health risk appraisals with referrals as needed for follow up
  • Bring fruits instead of sweet rolls to all weekly staff meetings
  • Offer heart healthy eating cooking classes at civic centers
  • set up walking programs during lunch breaks
A

Offer health risk appraisals with referrals as needed for follow up

132
Q

Based on the DRG’s Medicare reimbursement depends on:

A

age of patient and primary diagnosis

133
Q

Which is not included in a subjective goal assessment?

  • Dietary intake information from a 24 hour recall
  • Information from patient regarding weight changes
  • serum albumin levels
  • physical appearance
A

serum albumin levels

134
Q

The Health Risk Appreaisal (HRA) calculates

A

A population’s general health status

135
Q

Which of the following is an achievable outcome for a weight loss program?

  • Promote desirable body weight among young adults
  • Increase by 25% the number of physicians who refer patients for weight management counseling
  • Screen and refer for treatment within two years those whose body weight is 10% above desirable
  • Reduce by 10% the number of obese adults, ages 25 - 49, within two years of starting the program
A

Reduce by 10% the number of obese adults, ages 25 - 49, within two years of starting the program

136
Q

If a child with cystic fibrosis has daily large, foul smelling stools you should first check their

A

compliance with PERT

137
Q

A patient with diabetes has not eaten for more than three days. You should:

A

liberalize the diet

138
Q
With a CHO:insulin ratio of 16:1, how much insulin is needed with this meal? 
2 oz beef
2/3 cup steamed brown rice
1/2 cup cooked beets
1 slice bread
1 tsp butter
1/2 cup vanilla ice cream
A

4 units

139
Q
A patient presents with the following lab values
ALP 100 U/L
AST 30 U/L
ALT 35 U/L
This indicates
A

Normal liver function

140
Q

The oral glucose lowering medication glucotrol:

A

promotes insulin secretion

141
Q

The immunosuppressant drug cyclosporine may cause

A

hyperlipidemia and hyperkalemia

142
Q

A patient with heart failure on a loop diuretic needs to have the status of which vitamin evaluated?

A

Thiamin

143
Q

In the TM model, which stage of change is represented by this comment: “Although I do not like and therefore do not eat many vegetables, I saw an interesting vegetable side dish at a friend’s cookout”

A

contemplation

144
Q

You are planning a health promotion program for employees. To assess employee’s needs use information from

A

health risk appraisals

145
Q

Which of the following guidelines should be used when you are estimating the prevalence of inadequate intake levels of vitamin A within a group of adults?

A

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

146
Q

An 80 year old female receives Meals on Wheels. What other nutrition assistance program would she qualify for?

A

SFMNP

147
Q

Skinfold thickness measurements are best for assessing

  • 18 month old with growth failure
  • 36 year old athlete
  • 54 year old woman with significant weight loss
  • 82 year old man with diabetes
A

36 year old athlete

148
Q

Which of the following lab values would most likely indicate dialysis is necessary?

Creatinine 2, 3, 4, 6
BUN 80, 90, 100, 70

A

6, 70

149
Q

Following a Roux en Y, whch should be recommended first?

  • Potassium, magnesium
  • Folate, B12, Iron
  • Multivitamin with iron
  • Calcium and multivitamin with iron
A

calcium and multivitamin with iron

150
Q

Which of the following medications is an appetite suppressant?

  • Prednisone
  • Dextroamphetamine
  • Erythromycin
A

Dextroamphetamine

151
Q

Hemodialysis requires supplementation of:

A

pyridoxine, folic acid, 1-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3

152
Q

Which of the following directly assists the greatest number of people?

  • SNAP
  • NSLP
  • Child and Adult Care Program
  • WIC
A

SNAP

153
Q

Which program helps provide nutritious meals to an adolescent residential facility?

A

National School Breakfast Program

154
Q

A primary use of the DRIs is to

A

Plan menus for healthy people

155
Q

A client who takes orlistat may need to

A

take a multivitamin

156
Q

A patient with diabetic gastroparesis should avoid foods that are

A

high in fat

157
Q

How much protein is needed for a patient with a stage 3 burn?

A

20 - 25% of total calories

158
Q

Which religious group can consume alcohol?

  • Mormons
  • Muslims
  • Hindus
  • Buddhists
A

Buddhists

159
Q

To lose 1 lb per week, reduce intake by ___ calories per day.

A

500