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VETA 101 > Doc Ariel Muscles - Forelimb > Flashcards

Doc Ariel Muscles - Forelimb Flashcards

1
Q

Epidermis

A

Outer thin epithelium of skin.

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2
Q

Dermis

A

Inner thicker layer of connective tissue.

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3
Q

Subcutaneous injection

A

Injection administered beneath the skin.

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4
Q

Intradermal injection

A

Injection administered within the dermis.

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5
Q

Mammary gland

A

Excretory gland, also known as teats.

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6
Q

Teat canals

A

Contains 12 openings for milk drainage.

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7
Q

Costal Arch

A

Formed by 10th, 11th, and 12th costal cartilages.

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8
Q

Floating Rib

A

13th rib, not attached to sternum.

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9
Q

Thoracic vertebrae

A

13 vertebrae with long spinous processes.

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10
Q

Anticlinal vertebra

A

11th thoracic vertebra, unique orientation.

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11
Q

Costal fovea

A

Articular surfaces for rib heads.

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12
Q

Cranial costal fovea

A

Articular surface for cranial rib heads.

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13
Q

Caudal costal fovea

A

Articular surface for caudal rib heads.

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14
Q

Transverse costal fovea

A

Articular surface for rib tubercles.

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15
Q

Sternal Rib

A

Ribs attached to sternum, 1st to 9th.

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16
Q

Asternal Rib

A

Ribs not attached to sternum, 10th to 13th.

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17
Q

Costochondral junction

A

Where rib meets costal cartilage.

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18
Q

Sternum

A

Axial skeleton with eight unpaired segments.

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19
Q

Sternebrae

A

Segments of the sternum.

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20
Q

Manubrium

A

First sternebra, uppermost segment.

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21
Q

Xiphoid process

A

Last sternebra, includes xiphoid cartilage.

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22
Q

Umbilicus

A

Scar-like landmark for abdominal surgery.

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23
Q

Linea alba

A

Midline connective tissue structure in abdomen.

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24
Q

Fascia

A

Dense connective tissue surrounding muscles.

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25
Q

Clean muscle

A

Remove fatty areolar connective tissue.

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26
Q

Left side dissection

A

Focus on studying muscles.

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27
Q

Right side dissection

A

Focus on studying blood vessels and nerves.

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28
Q

Muscle function

A

Provides locomotion through contraction.

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29
Q

Proximal attachment

A

Origin; part that moves the least.

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30
Q

Distal attachment

A

Insertion; part that moves the most.

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31
Q

Tendon

A

Connects muscle to bone.

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32
Q

Dense, regular fibrous connective tissue

A

Well-defined bundles in tendons and ligaments.

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33
Q

Aponeurosis

A

Thin sheet of tissue, similar to tendon.

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34
Q

Ligament

A

Connects bone to bone or organs.

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35
Q

Dissection instructions

A

Clean, isolate borders, verify origin and insertion.

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36
Q

Action (A)

A

Function of the muscle during movement.

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37
Q

Innervation

A

Nerve supply to the muscle.

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38
Q

Vascularization

A

Blood supply to the muscle.

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39
Q

Cutaneous trunci

A

Thin muscle covering thorax and abdomen.

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40
Q

Lateral thoracic nerve

A

Innervates the cutaneous trunci muscle.

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41
Q

Preputial muscle

A

Supports prepuce during non-erect state.

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42
Q

Extrinsic muscles

A

Attach limb to axial skeleton.

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43
Q

Intrinsic muscles

A

Extend between bones of the limb.

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44
Q

Superficial pectoral

A

Muscle between sternum and humerus.

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45
Q

Deep pectoral

A

Larger muscle extending from sternum to humerus.

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46
Q

Cranial pectoral nerve

A

Innervates superficial pectoral muscle.

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47
Q

Caudal pectoral nerve

A

Innervates deep pectoral muscle.

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48
Q

Venipuncture

A

Blood collection or intravenous injection procedure.

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49
Q

Platysma

A

Most developed cutaneous muscle of neck and head.

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50
Q

Brachiocephalicus

A

Compound muscle from arm to head and neck.

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51
Q

Clavicular Intersection

A

Deep surface line indicating vestigial clavicle.

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52
Q

Cleidobrachialis

A

Part of Brachiocephalicus attaching to humerus.

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53
Q

Cleidocephalicus

A

Part of Brachiocephalicus extending to head and neck.

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54
Q

Cleidocervicalis

A

Attaches to dorsal midline of neck.

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55
Q

Cleidomastoideus

A

Attaches to mastoid process of skull.

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56
Q

Sternocephalicus

A

Muscle from sternum to head, not extrinsic.

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57
Q

Sternomastoideus

A

Thicker, ventral part of Sternocephalicus.

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58
Q

Sterno-occipitalis

A

Thin, dorsal part of Sternocephalicus.

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59
Q

Sternohyoideus

A

Muscle lying on trachea, pulls tongue caudally.

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60
Q

Sternothyroideus

A

Muscle drawing tongue and larynx caudally.

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61
Q

Omotransversarius

A

Strap-like muscle from scapula to atlas (C1).

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62
Q

Superficial Cervical Lymph Node

A

Palpable lymph node cranial to scapula.

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63
Q

Innervation of Brachiocephalicus

A

Accessory nerve and cervical spinal nerves.

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64
Q

Action of Cleidobrachialis

A

Advances limb and extends shoulder joint.

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65
Q

Action of Cleidocephalicus

A

Draws neck and head to the side.

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66
Q

Origin of Sternocephalicus

A

Arises from the first sternebra/manubrium.

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67
Q

Insertion of Sternomastoideus

A

Inserts at mastoid part of temporal bone.

68
Q

Insertion of Sterno-occipitalis

A

Inserts at nuchal crest of occipital bone.

69
Q

Action of Sternocephalicus

A

Draws head and neck to the side.

70
Q

Carotid Sheath

A

Deep fascia covering carotid artery and jugular vein.

71
Q

Supraspinous Ligament

A

Connects dorsal aspects of vertebral spines, excluding cervical.

72
Q

Nuchal Ligament

A

Elastic tissue from T1 to C2 supporting neck.

73
Q

Median Raphe of Neck

A

Fibrous septum between left and right epaxial muscles.

74
Q

Trapezius Muscle

A

Thin, triangular muscle elevating and abducting forelimb.

75
Q

Trapezius Cervicis

A

Part of trapezius overlapped by cleidocephalicus.

76
Q

Trapezius Thoracis

A

Part of trapezius overlapping latissimus dorsi.

77
Q

Rhomboideus Muscle

A

Holds scapula close to body, divided into three parts.

78
Q

Rhomboideus Capitis

A

Attaches scapula to nuchal crest of occipital bone.

79
Q

Rhomboideus Cervicis

A

Connects median raphe of neck to scapula.

80
Q

Rhomboideus Thoracis

A

Connects thoracic vertebrae to dorsal border of scapula.

81
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Large triangular muscle drawing limb caudally.

82
Q

Thoracolumbar Fascia

A

Deep fascia covering trunk muscles and vertebrae.

83
Q

Serratus Ventralis

A

Fan-shaped muscle supporting body between limbs.

84
Q

Serratus Ventralis Cervicis

A

Part of serratus ventralis from cervical vertebrae.

85
Q

Serratus Ventralis Thoracis

A

Part of serratus ventralis from ribs.

86
Q

Intrinsic Muscles

A

Muscles originating and inserting on thoracic limb bones.

87
Q

Extrinsic Muscles

A

Muscles attaching to thoracic limb from other regions.

88
Q

Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

A

Nerve innervating trapezius muscle.

89
Q

Ventral Branches of Spinal Nerves

A

Nerves innervating rhomboideus and serratus muscles.

90
Q

Long Thoracic Nerve

A

Nerve innervating serratus ventralis muscle.

91
Q

Aponeurosis

A

Sheet-like tendon separating trapezius parts.

92
Q

Scapula

A

Flat bone of the pectoral girdle.

93
Q

Supraspinous fossa

A

Depression above the spine of the scapula.

94
Q

Infraspinous fossa

A

Depression below the spine of the scapula.

95
Q

Coracoid process

A

Projection for muscle attachment on scapula.

96
Q

Glenoid cavity

A

Socket for humeral head articulation.

97
Q

Humerus

A

Long bone of the arm.

98
Q

Greater tubercle

A

Large projection for muscle attachment on humerus.

99
Q

Lesser tubercle

A

Smaller projection for muscle attachment on humerus.

100
Q

Intertubercular groove

A

Groove between greater and lesser tubercles.

101
Q

Deltoid tuberosity

A

Roughened area for deltoid muscle attachment.

102
Q

Supratrochlear foramen

A

Opening above the trochlea of the humerus.

103
Q

Radius

A

Main weight-bearing bone of the forearm.

104
Q

Ulna

A

Long bone of the forearm, medial to radius.

105
Q

Olecranon

A

Proximal end of the ulna, forms elbow.

106
Q

Carpal bones

A

Seven irregular bones between radius and metacarpals.

107
Q

Metacarpal bones

A

Five long bones in the hand.

108
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Muscle originating from scapula, flexes elbow.

109
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Muscle that extends the elbow.

110
Q

Serratus ventralis

A

Muscle attaching scapula to thoracic wall.

111
Q

Trochlear notch

A

Articulates with the humerus at the elbow.

112
Q

Epicondyle

A

Bony projection on the humerus for muscle attachment.

113
Q

Capitulum

A

Rounded end of the humerus for radius articulation.

114
Q

Condyle

A

Articulating surface at the distal end of the humerus.

115
Q

Proximal end

A

Base of a long bone structure.

116
Q

Distal end

A

Head of a long bone structure.

117
Q

Phalanges

A

Long bones in digits; 3 per digit.

118
Q

Dewclaw

A

1st digit of forelimb, has 2 phalanges.

119
Q

Hallux

A

1st digit of hind limb, has 2 phalanges.

120
Q

Intermetacarpal spaces

A

Spaces between metacarpal bones.

121
Q

Common Digital Extensor

A

Tendons extending to digits from forelimb.

122
Q

Lateral Digital Extensor

A

Tendons extending to lateral digits.

123
Q

Superficial Digital Flexor

A

Tendons that flex the digits.

124
Q

Deep Digital Flexor

A

Tendons that flex the distal phalanges.

125
Q

Deltoideus muscle

A

Flexes the shoulder; innervated by Axillary n.

126
Q

Infraspinatus muscle

A

Abducts and laterally rotates shoulder; Suprascapular n.

127
Q

Supraspinatus muscle

A

Extends and stabilizes shoulder joint.

128
Q

Teres minor muscle

A

Flexes and laterally rotates shoulder; Axillary n.

129
Q

Subscapularis muscle

A

Medially stabilizes shoulder joint; Subscapular n.

130
Q

Teres major muscle

A

Flexes and medially rotates shoulder; Axillary n.

131
Q

Coracobrachialis muscle

A

Adducts and stabilizes shoulder joint.

132
Q

Tensor fasciae antebrachii

A

Extends elbow; innervated by Radial n.

133
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Composed of 4 heads; extends elbow.

134
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Flexes elbow and extends shoulder.

135
Q

Brachialis muscle

A

Flexes elbow; innervated by Musculocutaneous n.

136
Q

Extensor carpi radialis

A

Extends the carpus; innervated by Radial n.

137
Q

Common digital extensor

A

Extends the digits; innervated by Radial n.

138
Q

Lateral digital extensor

A

Extends lateral digits; innervated by Radial n.

139
Q

Ulnaris lateralis

A

Extends and abducts the carpus.

140
Q

Supinator muscle

A

Rotates forearm laterally; innervated by Radial n.

141
Q

Abductor digiti I longus

A

Abducts the first digit; innervated by Radial n.

142
Q

ECR

A

Extensor carpi radialis, extends the carpus.

143
Q

CDE

A

Common digital extensor, extends digits 2-5.

144
Q

LDE

A

Lateral digital extensor, extends digits 3-5.

145
Q

Ulnaris lateralis

A

Abducts carpal joint, supports weight.

146
Q

Supinator

A

Rotates forearm laterally, flexes elbow.

147
Q

Abductor digiti I longus

A

Abducts first digit, extends carpal joint.

148
Q

Pronator teres

A

Rotates forearm medially, flexes elbow.

149
Q

FCR

A

Flexor carpi radialis, flexes the carpus.

150
Q

FCU

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris, has humeral and ulnar heads.

151
Q

SDF

A

Superficial digital flexor, flexes multiple joints.

152
Q

DDF

A

Deep digital flexor, flexes all digits’ joints.

153
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

Pronation of the paw, fills space between radius and ulna.

154
Q

Radial n.

A

Nerve supplying extensors of forearm.

155
Q

Median n.

A

Nerve supplying flexors of forearm.

156
Q

Ulnar n.

A

Nerve supplying flexor carpi ulnaris.

157
Q

Extensor Retinaculum

A

Fibrous band stabilizing extensor tendons.

158
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

Fibrous band stabilizing flexor tendons.

159
Q

Carpal canal

A

Passage for flexor tendons in wrist.

160
Q

Sesamoid bone

A

Bone embedded in tendon, aids movement.

161
Q

Proximal phalanx

A

First bone in digit, connects to metacarpal.

162
Q

Distal phalanx

A

Last bone in digit, contains extensor process.

163
Q

Extensor process

A

Bony projection for tendon attachment.

164
Q

Accessory carpal bone

A

Bone aiding carpal joint stability.

165
Q

Lateral epicondyle

A

Humeral landmark for extensor muscle origin.

VETA 101 (13 decks)

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