Doc Ariel Arthrology Flashcards
Articulation
Union of two or more bones.
Fibrous joints
Immovable joints united by fibrous tissue.
Cartilaginous joints
Joints formed by cartilage, allowing slight movement.
Synovial joints
Freely movable joints with a joint cavity.
Synarthrosis
Classification for immovable fibrous joints.
Ampiarthrosis
Classification for slightly movable cartilaginous joints.
Diarthrosis
Classification for freely movable synovial joints.
Sutures
Fibrous joints in the skull, immovable.
Sutural ligament
Fibrous tissue connecting adjacent skull bones.
Serrate suture
Interlocking edges providing stability, e.g., interfrontal.
Squamous suture
Overlapping edges allowing slight compressibility.
Plane suture
Bones meet at right angles, e.g., internasal.
Foliate suture
One bone fits into another’s recess, e.g., zygomaticomaxillary.
Syndesmosis
Joint connected by fibrous or elastic tissue.
Synostosis
Ossification of connective tissue in aging.
Gomphosis
Attachment of teeth in alveoli via periodontal ligament.
Periodontal ligament
Fibrous joint attaching tooth enamel to bone.
Synchondrosis
Joint with hyaline cartilage, primary cartilaginous.
Symphysis
Joint with fibrocartilage, allowing slight movement.
Hyaline cartilage
Smooth cartilage covering bone surfaces in joints.
Fibrocartilage
Tough cartilage providing support and cushioning.
Joint cavity
Space in synovial joints containing synovial fluid.
Hyaline cartilage
Temporary cartilage forming fetal skeleton parts.
Epiphyseal cartilage
Cartilage connecting diaphysis and epiphysis in young bones.
Symphysis
Fibrocartilaginous joints allowing limited movement.
Diarthrosis
Synovial joints providing greatest movement range.
Articular capsule
Fibrous membrane surrounding a synovial joint.
Synovial membrane
Lining producing synovial fluid in joints.
Synovial fluid
Lubricates joints and nourishes articular cartilage.
Articular cartilage
Hyaline cartilage covering bone surfaces in joints.
Articular discs
Fibrocartilage plates dividing joint compartments.
Marginal cartilages
Fibrocartilage ring encircling articular cavity.
Menisci
Fibrocartilage structures in specific synovial joints.
Collagen fibers
Provide strength and support in cartilage.
Vascular connective tissue
Tissue with blood vessels, found in synovial membrane.
Elastic fibers
Allow flexibility in the articular capsule.
Nutrient transport
Function of synovial fluid for cartilage health.
Shock absorption
Function of articular cartilage to protect bones.
Limited movement
Characteristic of symphysis joints.
Osseous fusion
Process of bone fusion in adult joints.
Joint dislocation
Common injury in synovial joints.
Fat pads
Synovial projections cushioning joints.
Plicae
Synovial projections enhancing joint stability.
Regeneration capacity
Ability of articular cartilage to heal after injury.
Labia glenoidea
Structures enlarging the glenoid cavity.
Labia acetabulare
Structures enlarging the acetabular cavity.
Articular surface
Smooth dense bone forming joint surfaces.
Ligaments
Collagenous tissue connecting two or more bones.
Tendons
Connect muscles to bones for movement.
Synovial membrane
Inner membrane producing synovial fluid.
Articular cartilages
Cartilage covering joint surfaces for smooth movement.
Simple joint
Joint formed by two articular surfaces.
Compound joint
Joint with more than two articular surfaces.
Plane joint
Flat surfaces allowing gliding movements.
Ball-and-socket joint
Joint with a convex head fitting into a cavity.
Ellipsoidal joint
Joint allowing movement in two planes.
Hinge joint
Joint permitting flexion and extension.
Condylar joint
Joint with rounded prominences fitting into depressions.
Trochoid joint
Pivot joint allowing rotation around an axis.
Saddle joint
Reciprocally saddle-shaped surfaces allowing various movements.
Flexion
Decreasing angle between two bones.
Extension
Increasing angle of a joint to 180 degrees.
Adduction
Moving extremity toward the median plane.
Abduction
Moving extremity away from the median plane.
Circumduction
Conical movement of a limb around a joint.
Rotation
Movement of a part along its long axis.
Humeral joint
Joint between scapula and humerus.
Cubital joint
Joint between humerus, radius, and ulna.
Antebrachiocarpal joint
Joint formed by radius, ulna, and carpus.
Intercarpal joint
Joint between two rows of carpal bones.
Carpometacarpal joint
Joint between carpal bones and metacarpals.
Fetlock joint
Joint between metacarpal bone and proximal phalanx.
Pastern joint
Joint between proximal and middle phalanx.
Coffin joint
Joint between middle and distal phalanx.
Sacroiliac articulation
Joint between sacrum and ilium.
Coxal articulation
Hip joint formed by femur and acetabulum.
Genual articulation
Stifle joint, largest joint in the body.
Femoropatellar joint
Joint between femur trochlea and patella.
Femorotibial joint
Joint between femur condyles and tibia.
Proximal tibiofibular articulation
Joint between tibia head and fibula.
Tarsal joint
Composite joint with multiple articulations.
Tarsocrural articulation
Joint between talus and distal tibia.
Proximal intertarsal joint
Joint between talus and proximal tarsals.
Distal intertarsal joint
Joint between two rows of tarsals.
Tarsometatarsal joint
Joint between tarsals and metatarsals.
Trochlear surface
Surface on talus, larger than tibia’s.
Sesamoid bones
Bones located at the joints, aiding movement.
Articular menisci
Cartilages in the stifle joint for cushioning.
