DNA Viruses--Virology 2 Flashcards
Herpesviruses:
Envelope
DNA structure
Viruses (8)
Enveloped dsDNA and linear HSV 1 & 2 VZV (HSV 3) EBV (HSV 4) CMV (HSV 5) HHV 6, 7, 8
Hepadnavirus
Envelope
DNA structure
Virus (1)
Enveloped
Partially dsDNA and circular
Hepatitis B only
Adenovirus
Envelope
DNA structure
Viruses/diseases (4)
**Non-enveloped dsDNA and linear 1. Febrile pharyngitis 2. Acute hemorrhagic cystitis 3. Pneumonia 4. Conjunctivitis
Parvovirus
Envelope
DNA structure
Viruse
Non-enveloped
ssDNA and linear
Parvovirus B19
What does Parvovirus B19 cause? 4
- Aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease
- “Slapped cheek” rash in children aka erythema infectiosum aka 5th disease
- RBC destruction in fetus leading to hydrops fetalis
- Pure RBC aplasia and rheumatoid arthritis-like symptoms in adults
Papillomavirus
Envelope
DNA structure
Virus
Non-enveloped
dsDNA and circular
HPV: warts (1, 2, 6, 11), CIN, cervical cancer (16 and 18)
Polyomavirus
Envelope
DNA structure
Viruses (2)
Non-enveloped
dsDNA and circular
JC virus–progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV patients
BK virus–commonly targets kidneys in transplant patients
Poxvirus
Envelope
DNA structure
Viruses (3)
Enveloped**
dsDNA and linear
Smallpox, cowpox, and molluscum contagiosum
Medical importance of HSV-1 (3)
- Oral and genital lesions
- Spontaneous temporal lobe encephalitis
- Keratoconjunctivitis
Medical importance of HSV-2 (2)
- Genital and oral lesions
2. Neonatal herpes
Medical importance of HSV-3 (VZV) 2
What is the most common complication of VZV reactivation?
- Chickenpox and shingles
- Encephalitis and pneumonia (immunocompromised)
Post-herpetic neuralgia
EBV:
Which disease?
Characterized by which symptoms (4)?
Preferentially infects which cells? Which cells are the atypical cells seen on PBS?
Mononucleosis
Characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy
Preferentially infects B cells. The atypical cells seen on PBS are actually cytotoxic T cells
How is EBV detected?
What other conditions it is associated with? (3)
- monospot test
2. Hodgkin lymphoma, endemic Burkitt lymphoma, naropharyngeal carcinoma
Medical importance of HZV-5 (CMV)
1. Causes which diseases/disease states? (4)
- Congenital infection
- Mononucleosis
- Pneumonia
- **Retinitis
- CMV is latent in which cells?
- What is the characteristic appearance of CMV infected cells on microscopy?
- Monospot test for CMV
- How is CMV transmitted (3)
- Latent in mononuclear cells
- “Owl eye appearance”
- Monospot negative
- Congenitally, transfusion, and transplant (also sex, saliva, and urine but not really important)
HHV-6 causes which disease? What is the progression of this disease? Transmission
- Roseola
- High fevers for several days (seizures) followed by “diffuse macular rash”
- Saliva
Kaposi sarcomas:
Define
Seen in which patient populations (2)
Neoplasm of ENDOTHELIAL cells.
Seen in HIV/AIDS and transplant patients
KS lesions:
Look like?
Also known to affect?
Dark/violaceous, flat and nodular skin lesions.
Also known to affect GI tract and lungs if T cell count tanks
Best way to identify HSV:
Skin infection?
Encephalitis?
The other test that isn’t actually used anymore but somehow remains relevant on this damn exam? What are we looking for on this test?
- Viral culture for skin/genitalia
- CSF PCR for herpes encephalitis
- Tzanck Test–> looking for “MULTINUCLEATED GIANT CELLS”
Name all the DNA viruses:
HHAPPPPy
Pox, pap, parv, poly all hated herpes and hepa filters
Herpesviruses Hepadnavirus Adenovirus Poxvirus Papillomavirus Parvovirus Polyomavirus
Which DNA viruses are enveloped? Which are naked?
“always give CPR and PAPP to naked hippys”
Naked: Parvovirus Papillomavirus Polyomavrius Adenovirus
Enveloped:
Herpes, hepadnavirus, and poxvirus
Just think of the poxvirus being very hard to kill which comes from the envelope.
