DNA TRANSLATION (4TH PART OF LQ2)

Question 1

Second step in gene expression

Answer 1

DNA TRANSLATION

Question 2

It guides the mRNA to the exact location where it should dock for protein synthesis to occur.

Answer 2

`rRNA signals

Question 3

Stop Codon:

Answer 3

UAA, UAG, UGA

Question 4

Start Codon:

Answer 4

AUG

Question 5

facilitate the transfer of amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain in a ribosome.

Answer 5

TRNA

Question 6

→ Processing and lengthening of the polypeptide chain
→ holds the tRNA that carries the next amino acid to be added to the chain

Answer 6

A Site

Question 7

→ exit
→ where discharged tRNAs leave the ribosome

Answer 7

E Site

Question 8

The A site accepts a protein called a release factor

Answer 8

TERMINATION

Question 9

→ Once they are detected, it attracts the release factor, and the process concludes.

Answer 9

Release Factor

Question 10

These proteins are synthesized specifically for cytosolic functions and are utilized for local cellular processes.

Answer 10

➔ Free ribosome

Question 11

You need the assistance of
another organelle, which is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

Answer 11

➔ Bound ribosome

Question 12

Ribosomes are identical and can switch from — to —?

Answer 12

free to bound

Question 13

this alteration of cellular activities consequently impacts the human form, influencing physical appearance, emotions, and psychological functioning.

Answer 13

○ Steroidal Hormones

Question 14

These nucleic acids retain the ability to enter the nucleus, as they are still nucleic acids.

Answer 14

○ Steroidal Hormones

Question 15

plays a significant role in
the changes that occur during puberty, influencing the development of secondary sexual characteristics such as facial hair growth, deepening of the voice, and muscle mass increase.

Answer 15

Testosterone

Question 16

→ influences both how you
feel and how you look by altering its levels.

Answer 16

Estrogen

Question 17

do not enter the nucleus but rather remain outside in the cytosol.
→ They have a very short duration of
action since their effects are primarily due to activation. Changes in the levels of these hormones are instantly felt.

Answer 17

○ Non-Steroidal Hormones

Question 18

are endocrine hormones that play a crucial role in regulating glucose levels and glycolysis.

Answer 18

⧫ Insulin & Glucagon

Question 19

You receive RNA strands, which are then released into the ribosomes. Here, the ribosomes convert the RNA into proteins.

Answer 19

○ Non-replicating Vaccine

Question 20

You are injected with mRNA,
which is then released into the cytosol. This mRNA has the ability to self-amplify, meaning it can replicate itself to produce more mRNA.

Answer 20

○ Self amplifying Vaccine