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Pharmacology 2 > DNA/RNA Synthesis > Flashcards

DNA/RNA Synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment of Toxoplasma?

A

Trimethoprim-Sulfa

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1
Q

Adverse effects of Nitrofurans?

A

GI upset Brown discoloration of the urine

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2
Q

What species and what ROA of Enrofloxacin, Orbifloxacin, and Marbofloxacin?

A

Small animal - oral, IM, otic Pigs and cattle - SC

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3
Q

Adverse effects of Sulfonamides and DHFR?

A

Renal damage Crystal urea Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS) Hypersensitivity and immune reactions Blood dyscrasia

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4
Q

Nitroimidazoles are banned in what animals?

A

Food producing

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4
Q

Nitrofurans are useful for treating what types of infections?

A

UTIs

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5
Q

Common ROA of Sulfonamides and DHFR?

A

Oral

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5
Q

Fluoroquinolone used in beef cattle?

A

Danofloxacin

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6
Q

MOA of Nitrofurans?

A

Block oxidative decarboxylation

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7
Q

Use of Nitrofurantoin?

A

UTI in small animals

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8
Q

Treatment of foot rot?

A

Sulfamethoxine

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8
Q

What infection are Fluoroquinolones not effective in?

A

Pus

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9
Q

MOA of DHFR inhibitors?

A

Inhibit dihydrofolate reductase

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10
Q

Spectrum of Fluoroquinolones?

A

G- Micoplasma Rickettsia Chlamydia

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11
Q

What Fluoroquinolone does not cause blindness in cats?

A

Pradofloxacin

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12
Q

What Fluoroquinolone should not be used in dogs because of bone marrow suppression?

A

Pradofloxacin

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13
Q

Treatment of R. equi?

A

Rifampin

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14
Q

T/F: Nitroimidazoles have immunomodulatory effects?

A

True

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15
Q

Nitrofurans work better in what pH?

A

Acidic

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16
Q

Nitroimidazole used in felines for Tritrichomonas

A

Ronidazole

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16
Q

What percentage of Nitrofurans is excreted unchanged?

A

50%

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16
Q

MOA of Rifampin?

A

Inhibit the beta subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

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17
Q

Antibiotic that induces microsomal enzymes?

A

Rifampin

17
Q

Adverse effects of Rifampin?

A

Teratogenic Orange discoloration of body fluids Hepatitis

19
Q

MOA of Sulfonamides

A

Compete with PABA for dihydropteroate synthase enzyme

20
Q

Treatment of Mycobacterium?

A

Rifampin

22
Q

Sulfonamides do not work well in this type of infection.

A

Pus

23
Q

Do Fluoroquinolones cross the BBB?

A

No

24
Q

Treatment of Sarcocystis neurons?

A

Pyrimethamine-Sulfa

24
Q

MOA of Fluoroquinolones?

A

Inhibit DNA gyrase Inhibit topoisomerase 4 (prevent unwind DNA superhelix)

25
Q

are Nitrofurans static or cidal?

A

Static

27
Q

Most common Fluoroquinolones?

A

Enrofloxacin Orbifloxacin Marbofloxacin

29
Q

What is the most common Nitroimidazole?

A

Metronidazole

31
Q

Spectrum of Sulfonamides and DHFR?

A

Broad-spectrum G+ G- Chlamydia Some protozoa

32
Q

Which Nitroimidazole is most toxic?

A

Ronidazole

33
Q

Spectrum of Nitrofurans?

A

Broad-spectrum except: Pseudomonas Proteus Acinetobacter

35
Q

What species is Trimethoprim-Sulfa used in?

A

Small animals Equine

36
Q

Nitroimidazole used to treat Trichomoniasis in pigeons?

A

Carnidazole

38
Q

Do Sulfonamides and DHFR cross the BBB?

A

Yes

39
Q

MOA of Nitroimidazoles?

A

Damage DNA and RNA repair enzymes

40
Q

Use of Nitrofurazone/Furazolidine?

A

Topical in equine (wound dressing)

42
Q

Treatment of Neospora?

A

Trimethoprim-Sulfa

43
Q

Are Nitroimidazoles bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A

Bactericidal

44
Q

Spectrum of Rifampin?

A

Broad-spectrum specifically: Mycobacterium R. equi

45
Q

What type of bacteria are Nitroimidazoles effective against?

A

Anaerobic

46
Q

ROA of Fluoroquinolones?

A

Oral and parenteral

47
Q

Treatment of shipping fever?

A

Sulfamethoxine

48
Q

Sulfonamide that is not absorbed and treats GI infections?

A

Sulfasalazine

49
Q

Adverse effects of Fluoroquinolones?

A

Arthropathy in young and growing animals Blindness in cats

50
Q

What is more specific for protozoa? Trimethoprim-Sulfa or Pyrimethamine-Sulfa?

A

Pyrimethamine-Sulfa

51
Q

Treatment of coccidia?

A

Sulfamethoxine

52
Q

ROA for Trimethoprim-Sulfa

A

Oral or injectable

53
Q

Are Sulfonamides and DHFRs bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

A

Static alone, Cidal in combo

54
Q

Sulfonamides can affect what blood measurement?

A

Thyroid

55
Q

Relationship between DHFR inhibitors and Sulfonamides?

A

Synergistic

Pharmacology 2 (13 decks)

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