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Pharmacology 2 > Antifungals > Flashcards

Antifungals Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of Azoles?

A

Blocks conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol

Alters cell permeability

Fungistatic

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1
Q

Anti fungal that may elevate ALT in cats?

A

Terbinafine

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2
Q

Most effective drug for the treatment of systemic mycoses in immunocompromised animals?

A

Amphotericin B

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3
Q

Anti fungals that cross the BBB?

A

Flucytosine

Fluconazole

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3
Q

DOC for Blastomycosis and Histoplasmosis?

A

Itraconazole

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4
Q

Griseofulvin is effective against what fungi?

A

Dermatophytes

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5
Q

Moa of Allylamine (Terbinafine)?

A

Inhibits ergosterol synthesis

Inhibits squalene epoxidase

Fungicidal

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5
Q

What anti fungal combination is used to treat systemic mycoses?

A

Amphotericin B with Azoles

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6
Q

Drug effective against Aspergillus?

A

Itraconazole

Clotrimazole

Enilconazole

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6
Q

ROA of Fluconazole?

A

Oral IV

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7
Q

ROA of Amphotericin B?

A

IV

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8
Q

Which preparation of Amphotericin B is less toxic? Liposomal or Colloidal?

A

Liposomal

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9
Q

Length of treatment with Ketoconazole?

A

Long term (3-6 months)

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10
Q

Azoles that require an acidic pH for absorption?

A

Ketoconazole

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11
Q

Which Azoles inhibit cortisol and/or testosterone synthesis?

A

Ketoconazole

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11
Q

Treatment of K9 nasal Aspergillosis?

A

Clotrimazole Enilconazole 5%

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12
Q

ROA of Terbinafine?

A

Tablet

Topical

Spray (Canada)

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13
Q

Side effects of Ketoconazole?

A

Inappetance

Pruritis and alopecia in dogs

Inhibits cortisol and testosterone synthesis

Teratogenic - don’t use in pregnant animals

Hepatotoxicity

14
Q

Effect of Ketoconazole on enzymes?

A

Inhibitor

14
Q

ROA of Lufeneron?

A

PO in dogs

Injection in cats

16
Q

Moa of Fluctosine?

A

Inhibits thymidylate synthase

Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

Fungicidal

16
Q

Treatment of systemic Aspergillosis?

A

Itraconazole PO for 2-3 months

17
Q

Ketoconazole is effective against what local infections?

A

Dermatophytes

Candida

Malassezia canis

18
Q

Azole with minimal side effects?

A

Fluconazole

19
Q

ROA of Flucytosine?

A

Oral

19
Q

Ketoconazole is effective against what systemic infections?

A

Blastomycosis

Histoplasmosis

21
Q

MOA of Griseofulvin?

A

Inhibits mitosis

Interferes with microtubule function

Fungistatic

23
Q

Amphotericin B can be used topically to treat what?

A

Candida

25
Q

Side effects of Flucytosine?

A

GI irritation

Bone marrow suppression

Liver dysfunction

26
Q

ROA of Ketoconazole

A

Oral
Topical

27
Q

Side effects of Amphotericin B?

A

Nephrotoxicity

Hypokalemia

Hypotension

Arrhythmia

29
Q

MOA of Lufenuron?

A

Inhibits chitin synthetase Inhibits cell wall

30
Q

MOA of Polyenes?

A

Binds irreversibly to ergosterol

Alters cell membrane permeability

Fungicidal

32
Q

Side effects of Griseofulvin?

A

GI irritation

In cats - teratogenic, hepatotoxic, and bone marrow suppression

33
Q

Treatment of Aspergillus keratitis in the horse?

A

Clotrimazole 1%

34
Q

How long should an animal be treated with Griseofulvin?

A

3-6 weeks

35
Q

ROA of Griseofulvin?

A

Oral Should be given with high fat meal

37
Q

What drugs are Polyenes?

A

Nystatin Amphotericin B Natamycin

38
Q

Side effects of Itraconazole?

A

Teratogenic

39
Q

Effect of Griseofulvin on enzymes?

A

Induction

41
Q

What antifungals are not effective against Aspergillus?

A

Amphotericin B

Ketoconazole

42
Q

What drug combination is used to treat Cryptococcal meningitis in cats?

A

Amphotericin B with Flucytosine

43
Q

Azole effective in treating Cryptococcal meningitis?

A

Fluconazole

44
Q

DOC for Sporotrichosis?

A

Itraconazole

Pharmacology 2 (13 decks)

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