DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis - Part 5

Question 1

A gene on the DNA molecule that is copied is called

Answer 1

RNA

Question 2

The copy of the instructions is sent to the…

Answer 2

Ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Question 3

What does RNA basically do:

Answer 3

RNA carries the messages from the DNA (in the nucleus) to the ribosomes (in the cytoplasm)

Question 4

What does RNA tell the ribosomes:

Answer 4

Which proteins to make and how to make them

Question 5

Messenger RNA (mRNA) does what:

Answer 5

Travels from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (ribosomes) with the instructions for making proteins
Basically the messenger between DNA and the ribosomes

Question 6

Proteins are made in the… in the cytoplasm

Answer 6

Ribosomes

Question 7

The instructions in RNA are carried in the form of…

Answer 7

Codons

Question 8

The first codon in RNA is…

Answer 8

The start codon

Question 9

RNA is made up of…

Answer 9

The start codon, the stop codon, and a sequence of nucleotides (which dictates the sequence of amino acids)

Question 10

Transfer RNA (tRNA):

Answer 10

Reads the message carried by mRNA and gathers the right amino acids for making that protein

Question 11

Transfer RNA transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm pool of amino acids to a…

Answer 11

Ribosome

Question 12

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is found in the…

Answer 12

Ribosome

Question 13

Ribosomal RNA is used to bind the mRNA and the…

Answer 13

tRNA to the ribosome

Question 14

Basically what does ribosomal RNA do:

Answer 14

Keeps mRNA in focus and gives tRNA a chance to read it and process it

Question 15

Transcription of RNA:

Answer 15

The process of forming a strand of RNA from a strand of DNA

Question 16

The process of RNA transcription occurs in the…

Answer 16

Nucleus

Question 17

RNA polymerase:

Answer 17

An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction in the transcription of RNA

Question 18

The purpose of transcription of RNA is simply to…

Answer 18

Copy one gene from the DNA molecule

Question 19

Promote in RNA transcription:

Answer 19

A DNA sequence where RNA polymerase attaches and initiates transcription

Question 20

Terminator in transcription of RNA:

Answer 20

The DNA sequence that signals the end of transcription

Question 21

First step of transcription of RNA:

Answer 21

RNA polymerase binds to a site on the DNA molecule called the promoter

Question 22

RNA polymerase role in transcription of RNA:

Answer 22

Separates the DNA strands

Question 23

Step two of transcription of RNA:

Answer 23

New nucleotides are added according to base pairing rule

Question 24

Base pairing in transcription of RNA:

Answer 24

Adenine with uracil

Cytosine with guanine

Question 25

Transcription of RNA does its thing until the end when the… is reached

Answer 25

Transcription

Question 26

The purpose of transcription is…

Answer 26

To copy small portions of the DNA molecule to be sent to the ribosome as the instructions for protein synthesis