DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis - Part 2 Flashcards
A necessary property of genetic material is that it be able to…
Carry information
The information in a DNA molecule is carried in the…
Sequence of bases
The chromosome is composed of…
DNA and proteins
The DNA is wrapped tightly around proteins called…
Histones
Together, the DNA and histone molecules form a beadlike structure called a…
Nucleosome
Nucleosomes seem to be able to… into the tiny space available in the cell nucleus
Fold enormous lengths of DNA
The structure of DNA allows it to be easily copied or…
Replicated
Because each strand of the double helix in a DNA molecule can be used to make the other strand, the strands are said to be…
Complimentary
Replication definition:
The process in which a DNA molecule builds an exact duplicate of itself
Step one of replication
Separation of the two DNA strands, the hydrogen bonds are broken between the bases and the parental strand now serves as a template.
Step two of replication
New nucleotides are inserted along both sides. As the molecule “unzips”, each nitrogen base pairs with its complement to form a new strand
Step three of replication
The nucleotides are connected to form the sugar-phosphate backbones of the new strands. Hydrogen bonds are formed to link the two complementary bases together. Covalent bonds are formed between the sugars and the phosphates to join the nucleotides together.
Replication starts at sites called…
Origins of replication
Origins of replication are…
Short stretches of DNA that have a specific sequence of nucleotides
When proteins that initiate DNA replication recognize the nucleotides at the origins of replication they…
Separate the two strands and open up a replication bubble
