Diuretics Flashcards
What do loop diuretics inhibit
NKCC2 transporters
Where do loop diuretics work
Ascending limb of LOH
Side effects of loop diuretics
Dehydration, hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, deafness
Uses of loop diuretics
Acute pulmonary oedema, chronic HF, hypertension, liver cirrhosis, AKI, nephrotic syndrome
What do thiazide diuretics inhibit
Apical Na+/Cl- cotransporters
Where do thiazide diuretics work
Distal tubule
What are thiazide diuretics used for
Hypertension, heart failure, oedema
Side effects of thiazide diuretics
Hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, increased plasma uric acid, hyperglycaemia, increased plasma cholesterol
Example of thiazide diuretics
Indapamide
Example of loop diuretics
Furosemide
Effects of hypokalaemia
Mild: fatigue, dizziness, muscle weakness
Severe: muscle paralysis, arrhythmia, death
What do aldosterone antagonists inhibit
Competitive inhibitor of aldosterone receptor
Reduced Na+ channel formation
Where do aldosterone antagonists work
DT cells
Uses of aldosterone antagonists
HF, oedema, resistant hypertension
Side effects of aldosterone antagonists
Hyperkalaemia, metabolic acidosis, GI upset, gynaecomastia/testicular atrophy
