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anatomy lecture > Digestive system Part II week 4 > Flashcards

Digestive system Part II week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four lobes of the liver?

A

Right, left, quadrate(next to gallbladder), and caudate(may have right and left hepatic artery feeding it).

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2
Q

Why is there a bare spot on the superior portion of the liver?

A

it is where the diaphragm is sitting and this area is lacking visceral and parietal peritoneum

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3
Q

what is the boundary of the foregut?

A

the esophagus to the end of the descending duodenum or number 2 portion

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4
Q

what is the boundary of the midgut?

A

Horizontal duodenum (number 3 spot) to the end of the transverse colon near the splenic flexure

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5
Q

what is boundary of the hindgut?

A

starts at the splenic flexure descending colon to the rectum

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6
Q

what major artery serves the foregut?

A

the celiac trunk (L1)

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7
Q

what major artery serves the midgut?

A

the Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) (L1)

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8
Q

what major artery serves the hindgut?

A

the Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) (L2)

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9
Q

what are the three branches that come off the celiac artery?

A

common hepatic
splenic
left gastric

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10
Q

What organs are supplied via the celiac artery?

A

foregut, liver, gall bladder, and spleen

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11
Q

what are the three branches of the splenic artery?

A

left gastro omental artery
pancreatic artery
splenic artery

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12
Q

what three branches come off the common hepatic artery?

A

right gastric
gastroduodenal
proper hepatic

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13
Q

what three branches come off the gastroduodenal artery?

A

right gastro omental
anterior/posterior superior pancreaticodoudenal artery
duodenal branches

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14
Q

what arteries have three branches?

A

celiac
common hepatic
gastrodoudenal

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15
Q

What artery supplies the midgut?

A

SMA aka superior mesenteric artery

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16
Q

what are the six arteries for the SMA?

A 
Inferior pancratico duodenal artery
jejunal and ileal arteries
ileocolic artery
right colic artery 
middle colic artery
17
Q

What artery supplies the hindgut?

A

IMA inferior mesenteric artery

18
Q

what are the three arteries of the IMA?

A 
Left colic (most superior)
sigmoid (middle)
superior rectal (inferior/medial)
19
Q

name 3 anastomoses within the GI

A
  • Marginal artery of drummond-artery that runs the length of colon(has similar collaterals for veins)
  • watershed: left colic flexure or splenic flexure (SMA and IMA) risk for ischemia
  • middle and inferior rectal arteries with superior rectal arteries (internal iliac and IMA)
20
Q

where does the external iliac feed?

A

the legs

21
Q

where does the internal iliac feed?

A

rectum, inguinal region

22
Q

What does the common iliac artery branch into?

A

internal and external iliac arteries

23
Q

What are the two paths for veinous drainage of the GI tract?

A

caval (systemic) and portal

24
Q

If it is not in the GI tract, it is drained by what veinous pathway?

A

caval (systemic) i.e. the IVC

thus GI all others goes to the portal vein!!

25
Q

What is the difference between the right and left testicular/ovarian veins?

A

the right drain directly into the IVC and the left drain into the left renal vein.

26
Q

Where does the IMV drain into?

A

the splenic vein

27
Q

where does the splenic vein drain?

A

the portal vein

28
Q

where does the SMV drain into

A

directly into the portal vein

29
Q

Blood flows ____the liver via the portal vein. Blood flow ____ the liver by draining into the _____?

A

into
out
IVC

30
Q

what are the 3 portal-caval anastomoses?

A
  1. Esophagus
  2. Rectum
  3. Superfical abdomen

*** no valves, flow can be in any direction

31
Q

Components of esophagus portal-caval anastomoses

and what cirrhosis causes?

A

Portal: Gastric vein to HPV (hepatic portal vein)
Caval: Esophageal vein to Azygos vein

** (Gut)Esophageal varices

32
Q

Components of rectal portal-caval anastomoses

and what cirrhosis causes?

A

portal: Sup. rectal v to HPV
caval: Mid and Inf. rectal vv to Internal iliac veins.

*** (Butt) internal hemorrhoids

33
Q

components of superficial abdomen portal-caval anastomoses?

and what cirrhosis causes?

A

portal: paraumbilical veins to HPV
Caval: epigastric veins to femoral veins

**(caput) medusa

34
Q

What is distal splenorenal shunt? (DSRS) and what does it do?

A

surgical procedure that connects the splenic vein to left renal vein the relieve portal hypertension.
Decreases blood volume delivered to the liver through bypassing the HPV and delivering blood from the splenic vein into left renal vein.

anatomy lecture (16 decks)

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