Cranial Nerves

Question 1

what are the 12 cranial nerves, both roman numeral and name

Answer 1

CN I olfactory
CN II optic
CN III oculomotor
CN IV Trochlear 
CN V Trigeminal
CN VI abducens
CN VII Facial
CN VIII Vestibulocochlear 
CN IX Glossopharyngeal
CN X Vagus
CN XI accessory
CN XII Hypoglossal

Question 2

CN I olfactory, info on sensory, and fiber tract, foramen

Answer 2

• special sensory, part of telenchephalon, not a true cranial nerve
• fibers run from olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity thru the cribriform plate and innervate olf bulb
• cribriform foramina

Question 3

CN II optic nerve, info on sensory, and fiber tract, foramen

Answer 3

special sensory for sight
part of diencephalon, thus not a true cranial nerve
some fibers cross at optic chiasm, then fibers run in the optic tract
leaves orbit via optic canal

Question 4

what are the three cranial nerves that innervate the muscles that innervate eye movement and which muscles do each innervate?

Answer 4

CN III oculomotor inf, sup, med rectus, inf. oblique
CN IV trochlear superior oblique
CN VI abducens lateral rectus

Question 5

CN III oculomotor somatic motor control

visceral motor control

Answer 5

somatic: sup, inf, med rectus and inf. oblique, along with levator palpebrae superioris (elevates eye lid)
visceral: pupillary constrictors-pupillary sphincter and ciliary muscle

Question 6

where does the CN III oculomotor nerve enter the orbit?

Answer 6

through the superior orbital fissure

Question 7

CN IV trochlear somatic motor control, entrance to orbit and what is unique about the emergence from the brainstem?

Answer 7

• superior oblique and that is it
• enters via the superior orbital fissure
• emerges dorsally and then goes ventral to sup. orbital fissure

Question 8

CN IV abducens somatic motor and entrance to orbit

Answer 8

• somatic is lateral rectus and abducts the eye hence the name of the nerve
• entes via superior orbital fissure

Question 9

CN V the trigeminal, three branches are? where does the main nerve emerge

Answer 9

it emerges in the middle of the pons
V1-opthalmic
V2-maxillary
V3-mandibular

Question 10

what muscles are innervated by the CN V and where is the sensation regions

Answer 10

muscles of mastication
oral floor muslces
tensor tympani (middle ear)
tensor veli palatini (pharyngeal) 
sensation: face, forehead, tongue(ant. 2/3), and nasal mucosa

Question 11

name the muscles of mastication that are innervated by CN V trigeminal

Answer 11

temporalis
masseter
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid

Question 12

CN V Trigeminal V1 ophthalmic three branches and where it (V1) exits the skull?

Answer 12

frontal nerve
nasociliary nerve
Lacrimal nerve(sensory only)
enters via the superior orbital fissure

Question 13

CN V trigeminal nerve V2 maxillary exit of the skull foramen and the three branches?

Answer 13

foramen rotundum
Posterior, Middle, Anterior Superior alveolar Nerves
Infraorbital nerve
Zygomatic nerve

Question 14

CN V Trigeminal nerve V3 Mandibular exits skull where? and the branches of this nerve, there are 8.

Answer 14

exits via the foramen ovale
Auriculotemporal
buccal
masseteric
deep temporal branch
pterygoid branches
masseteric branches
inferior alveolar nerve
lingual nerve

Question 15

Lingual nerve of V3 runs medial or lateral to the mandible? and what is its sensory?

Answer 15

medial

general sensory of the anterior 2/3 of tongue and the floor of the mouth

Question 16

what is the chorda tympani and what does it innervate and what special sense does it have?

Answer 16

• it is a branch of VII facial nerve that runs with the lingual nerve of V3.
• innervates submandibular, sublingual, and other small ones
• special sense is taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue

Question 17

the inferior alveolar nerve of V3 enters the mandible where and exits where?
what muscles does it innervate
what is its sensory funtions

Answer 17

enters via the mandibular foramen and exits via mental foramen

• innervates the mylohyoid and anterior belly of digstric
• sensory for pulp of mand. teeth and sensory for skin and lip (mental nerve).

Question 18

CN VII Facial nerve, what are the five branches and what general muscle do they innervate?

Answer 18

temporal
zygomatic
buccal
cervical
posterior auricular
-generally the muscles for facial expression are innervated by the facial nerve

Question 19

what is the greater petrosal nerve?

Answer 19

a minor branch of VII that innervates the lacrimal and nasal glands
parasympathetic

Question 20

what is the nerve to stapedius?

Answer 20

a minor branchof VII that innervates the stapedius muscle of the ear

Question 21

muscles that are innervated by the VII facial nerve?

Answer 21

stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric

Question 22

interesting fact about the facial nerve and glands of the face?

Answer 22

it(main branch) runs through the parotid gland, but does not innervate it.
It innervates all other glands of the face though

Question 23

where does the facial nerve enter the skull and where does it exit the skull?

Answer 23

enters via the internal acoustic meatus and exits via the stylomastoid foramen

Question 24

CN VIII Vestibulochochlear sensory function and exit of skull?

Answer 24

vestibular(body orientation) and cochlear for hearing
sensory only
-internal acoustic meatus

Question 25

CN IX glossopharyngeal nerve exit of skull and motor functions

Answer 25

exits via the jugular foramen

motor: pharyngeal constrictors, stylopharyngeus, and parotid gland

Question 26

what are the sensory and special sensory for the CN IX glossopharyngeal nerve?

Answer 26

• sensory: posterior 1/3 of tongue, post. oral pharynx, mucosa of middle ear, skin external ear and canal, tympanic membrane
• special sensory: taste of post 1/3 of tongue, chemo and baroreceptors of carotid sinus and body

Question 27

what nerve actually innervates the parotid gland via the CN IX glossopharyngeal nerve?

Answer 27

lesser petrosal nerve

Question 28

CN X vagus nerve sensory functions?

Answer 28

viscera in abdomen and thorax
Laryngopharynx and larynx
ear and external acoustic meatus
posterior cranial fossa -Dura sensory

Question 29

motor function of vagus nerve?

Answer 29

pharyngeal constrictors (with CN IX)
laryngeal muscles

Question 30

special senses of vagus nerve

Answer 30

taste epiglottis

pressure and chemoreceptors in aortic arch and body

Question 31

CN XI Spinal Accessory Nerve pathway and two muscle innervations?

Answer 31

• ascends spinal cord, into skull via foramen magnum and exits jugular foramen
• sternocleidomastoid and trapezius motor only!!

Question 32

CN XII Hypoglossal Nerve exit of skull and motor innervation?

Answer 32

exits via hypoglossal canal and innervates tongue muscles.

Question 33

what foramen do CN IX, X, and XI exit the skull?

Answer 33

jugular foramen.