Dietary Balance Phys 72

Question 1

Calories from carbohydrates

Answer 1

4.1

Question 2

Calories from fats

Answer 2

9.3

Question 3

calories from proteins

Answer 3

4.35

Question 4

What is the respiratory quotient

Answer 4

of CO2 formed/ # of O2 consumed

Question 5

lateral hypothalmic nuclei controls what aspect of feeding?

Answer 5

Hunger

Question 6

What part of the brain controls satiety>

Answer 6

ventralmedial hypothalmis

Question 7

What are the 2 neurons in the arcuate nuclei?

Answer 7

1. POMC

2. NPY and AGRP producing

Question 8

What is hunger

Answer 8

intrinsic desire for food

Question 9

what is appetite

Answer 9

desire for particular type of food

Question 10

satiety

Answer 10

opposite of hunger- feeling of fullness

Question 11

What causes the GI to signal the hypothalmus

Answer 11

stomach filling

Question 12

what signals satiety?

Answer 12

chemical signals from nutrient levels in the blood

Question 13

What does a PMC neuron produce?

Answer 13

produces a-melanocyte stimulating hormone

Question 14

What is the action of POMC?

Answer 14

decreases food intake and increases energy expenditure

Question 15

what is the action of NPY/AGRP?

Answer 15

increases food intake decreases energy expenditure

Question 16

What is the key receptor for a-MSH?

Answer 16

melanocortin receptor -4 (MCR-4)

Question 17

Mutations in MCR-4 causes what?

Answer 17

obesity

Question 18

What stimulates NPY release from arcuate neuron?

Answer 18

energy stores of body is low

Question 19

what does NPY stimulate?

Answer 19

appetiteq

Question 20

destruction of what structure leads to inability to choose what types of food to eat?

Answer 20

amygdala

Question 21

leptin’s effect on POMC and NPY

Answer 21

increase POMC and decrease NPY

Question 22

BMI

Answer 22

weight (kg)/ height (m)

Question 23

Overweight BMI

Answer 23

25 - 29.9

Question 24

Obsese BMI

Answer 24

> 30

Question 25

WHat is inanition?

Answer 25

opposite of obseity

Question 26

Anorexia v. anorexia nervosa

Answer 26

``` anorexia = diminished appetite nervosa= pyschic stage that person loses desire for food ```

Question 27

What is cachexia?

Answer 27

metabolic disorder of increased energy expenditure and loss of appetite

Question 28

TNF-a causes what eating/metabolic disorders and by what means?

Answer 28

cachexia and anorexia by activating POMC

Question 29

Rate of fat store usage in starvation

Answer 29

constant

Question 30

What source of E is first to be depleted in staration?

Answer 30

carbohydrates (glucose)

Question 31

Rate of protein metabolism in starvation

Answer 31

very rapid and then very low

Question 32

Where do provitamins get converted into vitamin A?

Answer 32

liver

Question 33

thiamine deficieny is called

Answer 33

beriberi

Question 34

defiency of which 2 vitamins supresses oxidative metabolism?

Answer 34

niacin (bc NAD and NADP) and B2 (riboflavin) for FAD

Question 35

niacin deficency is called

Answer 35

Pellegra

Question 36

what vitamin is a coenxyme for reducing ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides

Answer 36

B12

Question 37

What is used in the synthesis of purines and thymine?

Answer 37

Folic acid

Question 38

folic acid deficency results in what kind of anemia?

Answer 38

macrocytic

Question 39

what is the most important role of pyridoxine?

Answer 39

coenzyme in transamination process for AA syn

Question 40

what activates the enzyme prolyl hydroxylase, what does this form?

Answer 40

hydroxyproline --> important in collagen

Question 41

scuvy is a result of

Answer 41

defienct vitamin c (asorbic acid)

Question 42

rickets is caused by

Answer 42

deficient vitamine D

Question 43

what vitamine prevents oxidation of unsaturated fats?

Answer 43

vitamin E

Question 44

what are the three trace elements?

Answer 44

fluorine, iodine, zinc

Question 45

What is the RQ for carbo=s

Answer 45

1

Question 46

RQ of fat

Answer 46

.7

Question 47

RQ of protein

Answer 47

.8

Question 48

how do you estimate protein breakdown?

Answer 48

urine nitrogen + 10% multiplied by 6.25

Question 49

B6 aka

Answer 49

pyridoxine

Question 50

B2 aka

Answer 50

riboflavin

Question 51

B1 aka

Answer 51

thiamine