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PBL > Dietary Balance Phys 72 > Flashcards

Dietary Balance Phys 72 Flashcards

1
Q

Calories from carbohydrates

A

4.1

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2
Q

Calories from fats

A

9.3

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3
Q

calories from proteins

A

4.35

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4
Q

What is the respiratory quotient

A

of CO2 formed/ # of O2 consumed

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5
Q

lateral hypothalmic nuclei controls what aspect of feeding?

A

Hunger

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6
Q

What part of the brain controls satiety>

A

ventralmedial hypothalmis

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7
Q

What are the 2 neurons in the arcuate nuclei?

A
  1. POMC

2. NPY and AGRP producing

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8
Q

What is hunger

A

intrinsic desire for food

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9
Q

what is appetite

A

desire for particular type of food

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10
Q

satiety

A

opposite of hunger- feeling of fullness

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11
Q

What causes the GI to signal the hypothalmus

A

stomach filling

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12
Q

what signals satiety?

A

chemical signals from nutrient levels in the blood

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13
Q

What does a PMC neuron produce?

A

produces a-melanocyte stimulating hormone

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14
Q

What is the action of POMC?

A

decreases food intake and increases energy expenditure

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15
Q

what is the action of NPY/AGRP?

A

increases food intake decreases energy expenditure

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16
Q

What is the key receptor for a-MSH?

A

melanocortin receptor -4 (MCR-4)

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17
Q

Mutations in MCR-4 causes what?

A

obesity

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18
Q

What stimulates NPY release from arcuate neuron?

A

energy stores of body is low

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19
Q

what does NPY stimulate?

A

appetiteq

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20
Q

destruction of what structure leads to inability to choose what types of food to eat?

A

amygdala

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21
Q

leptin’s effect on POMC and NPY

A

increase POMC and decrease NPY

22
Q

BMI

A

weight (kg)/ height (m)

23
Q

Overweight BMI

A

25 - 29.9

24
Q

Obsese BMI

A

> 30

25
Q

WHat is inanition?

A

opposite of obseity

26
Q

Anorexia v. anorexia nervosa

A 
anorexia = diminished appetite 
nervosa= pyschic stage that person loses desire for food
27
Q

What is cachexia?

A

metabolic disorder of increased energy expenditure and loss of appetite

28
Q

TNF-a causes what eating/metabolic disorders and by what means?

A

cachexia and anorexia by activating POMC

29
Q

Rate of fat store usage in starvation

A

constant

30
Q

What source of E is first to be depleted in staration?

A

carbohydrates (glucose)

31
Q

Rate of protein metabolism in starvation

A

very rapid and then very low

32
Q

Where do provitamins get converted into vitamin A?

A

liver

33
Q

thiamine deficieny is called

A

beriberi

34
Q

defiency of which 2 vitamins supresses oxidative metabolism?

A

niacin (bc NAD and NADP) and B2 (riboflavin) for FAD

35
Q

niacin deficency is called

A

Pellegra

36
Q

what vitamin is a coenxyme for reducing ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides

A

B12

37
Q

What is used in the synthesis of purines and thymine?

A

Folic acid

38
Q

folic acid deficency results in what kind of anemia?

A

macrocytic

39
Q

what is the most important role of pyridoxine?

A

coenzyme in transamination process for AA syn

40
Q

what activates the enzyme prolyl hydroxylase, what does this form?

A

hydroxyproline –> important in collagen

41
Q

scuvy is a result of

A

defienct vitamin c (asorbic acid)

42
Q

rickets is caused by

A

deficient vitamine D

43
Q

what vitamine prevents oxidation of unsaturated fats?

A

vitamin E

44
Q

what are the three trace elements?

A

fluorine, iodine, zinc

45
Q

What is the RQ for carbo=s

A

1

46
Q

RQ of fat

A

.7

47
Q

RQ of protein

A

.8

48
Q

how do you estimate protein breakdown?

A

urine nitrogen + 10% multiplied by 6.25

49
Q

B6 aka

A

pyridoxine

50
Q

B2 aka

A

riboflavin

51
Q

B1 aka

A

thiamine

PBL (19 decks)

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