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Neurology > Diencephalon > Flashcards

Diencephalon Flashcards

1
Q

4 structures of diencephalon

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Épithalamus
Subthalamus

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2
Q

Structures formed by diencephalon of neural tube

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Posterior part of pituitary gland
Pineal gland

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3
Q

Epithalamus location

A

Dorsal part of diencephalon

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4
Q

Epithalamus composition

A

Pineal body
Habenular nuclei
Caudal commissure

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5
Q

Roof of third ventricle

A

Epithalamus

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6
Q

Epithalamus function

A

Autonomic - respiratory , cardiovascular
Endocrine (thyroid )
Reproduction (mating, postpartum )

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7
Q

Hormone secreted by pineal gland

A

Melatonin

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8
Q

Subthalamus location

A

Ventral to thalamus

Lateral to hypothalamus

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9
Q

Subthalamus function

A

Rhythmic movement

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10
Q

Stimulation of this part of the brain causes most effective treatment for late stage Parkinson’s disease

A

Subthalamus

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11
Q

Largest component of diencephalon (80%)

A

Thalamus

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12
Q

Parts of thalamus

A

2 ends -> Anterior end , Posterior end ( pulvinar )

4 surfaces 
Superior surface
Inferior surface
Medial surface 
Lateral surface
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13
Q

3 parts of thalamus

A

Anterior
Medial
Lateral

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14
Q

Large nuclei in thalamus

A 
Lateral geniculate (vision)
Medial geniculate (hearing)
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15
Q

Sensory function of thalamus

A

Sensory input from all sensory pathways except olfaction

Relay sensory information to cerebral cortex

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16
Q

Thalamus function

A

Sensory
Motor (relay from basal ganglia , cerebellum)
Emotion / memory
Consciousness

17
Q

Is there cortical feedback to thalamus

A

Yes

18
Q

Sheet of myelinated fibers dividing thalamus into four major divisions

A

Internal medullary lamina

19
Q

Nucleus in anterior division of thalamus

A

Anterior nucleus

20
Q

Nucleus in medial division of thalamus

A

Dorsomedial nucleus

21
Q

Lateral division of thalamus nucleu s

A

Dorsal (Lateral dorsal , Lateral posterior, Pulvinar)

Ventral (ventral anterior, ventral lateral, ventral posterior)

22
Q

Anatomical division of thalamus

A

Medical geniculate nucleus
Lateral geniculate nucleus
Intralaminar nuclei
Reticular nucleus

23
Q

Thalamic stroke presentation

A 
Coma
Loss of consciousness 
Attention 
Arousal 
Widespread disruption 
Severe cognitivee deficits
24
Q

Hypothalamus location

A

Ventral part of diencephalon

25
Q

3 function of hypothalamus

A

Endocrine
Limbic
Autonomic

26
Q

Homeostatic imbalance caused by hypothalamus

A

Hunger/ satiety
Thirst
Sexual behavior and reproduction

27
Q

Hypothalamus regions

A

Supraoptic regions
Tuberal region
Mamillary region

28
Q

Pituitary gland part

A

Neurohypophysis

Adenohypophysis

29
Q

How does hypothalamus control endocrine system

A

Secrete ADH and oxytocin via posterior pituitary gland

Release of releasing or release-inhibiting factors into hypophyseal portal to stimulate pituitary gland

Neurology (31 decks)

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