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Pharmacology > Diabetes > Flashcards

Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the pancreas?

A

Hormones control the mobilization and storage of glucose

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2
Q

Where is insulin secreted?

A

Beta cells

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3
Q

Where is glucagon secreted?

A

Alpha cells

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4
Q

What is type 1 diabetes?

A

Autoimmune system attacks the beta cells and therefore no insulin is produced

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5
Q

What is type 2 diabetes?

A

System becomes overwhelmed by sugar so the beta cells decrease production of insulin

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6
Q

What is the role of insulin?

A

Lowers blood sugar

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7
Q

What is the role of glucagon?

A

Raise the blood sugar

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8
Q

What are long term consequences of diabetes mellitus?

A

MI, Stroke, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Retinopathy, Neuropathy, Nephropathy, Chronic Renal Failure

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9
Q

What are the ABC’s of Diabetes?

A

A-A1C
B-Blood pressure
C- Cholesterol

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10
Q

What range is good for diabetes control?

A

70-99

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11
Q

What is the range for prediabetes control?

A

100-125

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12
Q

What is the range for diabetes control?

A

greater than 126

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13
Q

What are some risk factors of Type 2 Diabetes?

A

Family history
Race
History of gestational diabetes with pregnancy
Hypertension

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14
Q

What is the rule to treat hypoglycemia?

A

15/15

Give 15g of carbs and recheck blood sugar in 15 minutes

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15
Q

Why is it important to know the onset, peak, and duration of insulin?

A

To know when the blood sugar will be low again

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16
Q

How should you inject insulin?

A

90 degree angle with skin pinch
45 degree angle with no skin pinch
change injection sites, but stay in the same area

17
Q

Can insulin be given orally?

A

NO

18
Q

What insulin can not be mixed?

A

Long-acting

19
Q

How should you mix insulins?

A

Clear before cloudy

20
Q

What insulin can not be diluted or mixed?

A

Lantus

21
Q

What drugs affect the blood glucose levels?

A

Beta adrenergic blockers
Thiazide and loop diuretics
Corticosteroids

Pharmacology (19 decks)

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