Diabetes Flashcards
Diabetes
Imbalance of supply and demand of insulin in the body
Type 1
Onset before age 30 Affects equal numbers of men and women Has no socioeconomic correlates Requires insulin injections Carries risks of kidney damage Accounts for 10% of diabetes No longer producing insulin 75% diagnoses before age 18
Type 2
Onset during childhood or adulthood
Affects more women than men
Affects more poor than middle-class people
Requires no insulin injection but lifestyle changes and oral medication
Carries risk of cardiovascular damage
Accounts for 90% of diabetes
Characteristics of diabetes
Imbalance of supply and demand for insulin
Type 1 vs. Type 2
Management
Monitoring blood sugar Adjusting insulin amounts Administer overseeing insulin shots Monitor diet and exercise Counting carbs they take in Exercise can help individuals get by with lower levels of insulin and eat more food because they are burning more carbs
Hyperglycemia
Feeling, confused, drowsy, sleeping, frequent urination
Can go into diabetic coma
Results of keytones being way too high, not enough insulin (average is in the hundreds)
Causes – stress, eating too many carbs, illness, and forgetting to take insuling
Hypoglycemia
Low bloody sugar, result of too much insulin in the blood stream. Too much insulin so not enough blood sugar remaining. Blood sugars drop to a dangerously low level
Feeling week, nervous, sweaty, mood changes, headache, blurred vision
Causes – physical activity, not eating enough, taking too much insulin
Can be cured by eating simple carbs or glucogon injection
Hemoglobin A1C
bloody assay take blood, check percent
Captures glucose levels and regulation want to see glucose levels for type 1 children
7.5% or less but can get up to 14%
Role of health psychologists in chronic illness
Adjustment to diagnosis Education Adherence Medication Lifestyle Adjustment to disease throughout life course Crisis management
Health psychology in practice
Mass-media advertisements Formal education programs Information education program Support groups Evaluation of interventions Promoting individual self-advocacy Self-monitoring (e.g., exercise, weight scales, self-examination, third party review)
Health psychology in practice Education
Mass-media advertisements Formal education programs Information education program Support groups Evaluation of interventions Promoting individual self-advocacy Self-monitoring (e.g., exercise, weight scales, self-examination, third party review)
Health psychology in practice Working with communities
Community needs assessment
Go through and figure out what the community needs
Progress implementation
Implementing intervention and keeping track to see if it is working
Promoting community advocacy
Trying to advocate for change for specific community
Health psychology in practice working with health care system
Assessing access to health care
Promoting access to health care through advocacy
Changing hours to evening and later hours
Working in health policy
Workplace safety
Healthy workplace
Advocating for new health policies
