Dev of Face and Palate Tongue and Thyroid

Question 1

Neuroblast gives rise to ____All glial cells come from ______, except one.

Answer 1

neurons; neurotube.

Question 2

Glial cells in CNS give rise to:

Answer 2

1. astrocytes (scar tissue formation and repair in CNS,bbb)

2. Oligodendrocytes (create insulin sheath around nerves in CNS)

Question 3

microglia come from _____marrow

Answer 3

bone

Question 4

Nueral crest cells form the ___

Answer 4

PNS;

Question 5

glial cells in PNS come from neural crest and are called:

Answer 5

1. schwann cells (form myelin)

2. melanocytes

Question 6

enamel structures come from. Odontoblasts and everything else come form neural crest cells.

Answer 6

ectoderm.

Question 7

The neural tube forming: The anterior/cranial parts form the ____and posterior part forms the spinal cord.

Answer 7

brain

Question 8

If you dont fuse cranial end of neuropore (neural tube) it gives rise to a lot of isses in dev of____. At caudal end you could get spina bifida.

Answer 8

brain

Question 9

1st pharnygeal arch that grows is the:

Answer 9

mandibular arch and maxillary

Question 10

When membrane gets ruptured:

Answer 10

you get stomedoeum (primary oral cavity). Start getting nasal placodes.

Question 11

when all pharyngeal arches form you get:

Answer 11

tubular masses, blood vessels, cartilage. But they havn;t fused together yet. The swellings are important for formation of tongue

Question 12

TUbe gets opened after ______ membrane ruptures and you get opening and somatomdeon forms which takes food down later in life

Answer 12

oropharyngeal

Question 13

The ____ forms on the outside of the pharyngeal arch and the pouch forms on the inside.

Answer 13

groove

Question 14

the 4 basic pharyngeal arch structure contains the following:

Answer 14

1. cartilage bar
2. nerve
3. blood vessel
4. skeletal muscle

Question 15

From the first arch we have _____cartilage but it disappears. and doesnt give rise to anything in mandible or maxilla but there are bones in the inner ear and ligaments that are formed from Meckels cartilage.

Answer 15

meckels

Question 16

The second arch cartilage gives rise to

Answer 16

stapes, styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, and lesser cornu of hyoid bone.

Question 17

The fourth cartilage gives rise to thyroid and ____cartilage

Answer 17

cricoid.

Question 18

The third arch cartilage gives rise to

Answer 18

body of hyoid bone

Question 19

Somites have three components to them:

Answer 19

1. Dermatomes (skin forming)
2. Myotomes (give rise to muscle tissue in tongue)
3. Skelatomes (bone forming area)

Question 20

nerve that innervates occipital myotomes

Answer 20

12th CN - hypoglossal; muscles of tongue movement are innervated by this nerve

Question 21

somites are formed in what germ layer?

Answer 21

mesoderm (3rd germ layer); notochord induces forming the somites

Question 22

Copula comes from: _____All the bulges start becoming one.. If you look at adult tongue…diff areas are inn by diff nerves. Anterior part of tongue that comes from lingual swellings are innervated by sensorly. Sensory inn of anterior part of tongue at border of circumvale papillae are inn by ____nerve and come first mandibular arch.

Answer 22

remaining pharyngeal arches.

trigeminal

Question 23

The posterior part of tongue gets sensory innervation through ____nerve. Some taste buds innervated by facial nerve in anterior part of tongue which comes from fusion of sweellings. The posterior part is joined effort of 3 branchial arches that form hypopharyngeal prominence thats why diff origins are diff.

Answer 23

glossopharyngeal

Question 24

Tongue route and epiglottis comes from ___pharyngeal arch which is inn by vagus nerve.

Answer 24

4th

Question 25

Thickened piece of epithelium: _____forming in fronto nasal prminence represent what would become the nostrils. Give rise to medial and lateral nasal prominence. The medial parts join together and become one which contributes to the formation of upper lip as well. The upper lip is a joint effort from maxillary process and ____ ___ prominence

Answer 25

placodes; fronto nasal

Question 26

Pits start growing backward to become sac like structures and open up. The membrane that sep’s the nose from the opening to the oral cavity is the oral nasal membrane. As nostril starts dev the oral nasal membrane starts disappearing. This is the mid portion of the joining of the fronto nasal and maxillary processes that fuse together and form the _____ palate

Answer 26

primary

Question 27

As dev continues a secondary palate forms. A bony plate forms to sep mouth from _____

Answer 27

nose

Question 28

Initially you have primary palate that comes from nasal prominence and maxilla. From the inside of the fronto nasal process the nasal septum starts growing down. At the same time there are two parallel shelves of tissue that extend from maxillary process which all palatel shelves which is the ____septum. The palatal shelves flip up, then you start getting fusion from nasal septum and two palatal shelves.

Answer 28

nasal

Question 29

The palatal shelves start fusing the secondary palate. They start from anterior portion behind incisors and start closing all the way to the back. You get cleft palates in ____palate. You could also have cleft palate bet primary and sec palate.

Answer 29

sec

Question 30

Whats primary palate? Whats sec palate? What are specific tissues that give rise to them?

Answer 30

Look this up

Question 31

The cranial base is where you have ____bone formation. Flat bones, cranial vault and facial bones are formed through ___bone formation. No cartilage model before they are formed

Answer 31

endochondral; direct (intramembranous)