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Neuro 2 > Descending Motor Pathways Part II > Flashcards

Descending Motor Pathways Part II Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the internal capsule does motor go through

A

The posterior limb

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2
Q

What does genu mean

A

Bend

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3
Q

What limb of the internal capsule is the corticospinal tract in

A

Posterior limb

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4
Q

Where does the lateral corticospinal tract travel

A

Posterior limb of internal capsule to cerebral peduncles through the pons to the pyramids

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5
Q

Where does the lateral corticospinal tract decussate/cross

A

Cervicomedullary junction

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6
Q

What percent of the corticospinal tract decussate at the cervicomedullary junction

A

85%

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7
Q

True or False:

The lateral corticospinal tract decussates while the anterior corticospinal tract does not decussate in the medulla

A

True

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8
Q

Where does the rubrospinal tract originate

A

Red nucleus of the midbrain

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9
Q

What does the rubrospinal tract receive afferent input from (2)

A
  1. Ipsilateral cortical motor areas (corticorubral pathway)

2. Contralateral side of the cerebellum

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10
Q

True or False:

The fibers of the rubrospinal tract decussate immediately after they emerge

A

True

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11
Q

Where does the rubrospinal tract decussate

A

Ventral tegmental decussation

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12
Q

True or False:

The rubrospinal tract fibers descend with the corticospinal tract after they decussate

A

True

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13
Q

Where does the rubrospinal tract terminate in humans

A

Cervical enlargement

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14
Q

True or False:

In monkeys the rubrospinal tract can compensate for corticospinal lesions

A

True

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15
Q

What happened to the monkey when you severed the lateral corticospinal tract

A

Function of fingers was lost but recovered rather quickly

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16
Q

What recovered the ability to use the fingers again

A

The rubrospinal tract compensated

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17
Q

Was the rubrospinal tract able to recover the ability to use individual fingers

A

Nope

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18
Q

If the rubrospinal tract was also severed could the monkey recover use of hands and fingers

A

Negative

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19
Q

What does the anterior corticospinal tract consist of

A

The corticospinal fibers that did not decussate in the rostral medulla

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20
Q

Where do the anterior corticospinal tract fibers decussate

A

In the spinal cord near the synapse of the LMN in the central gray

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21
Q

What does the anterior corticospinal tract supply (3)

A
  1. Neck
  2. Bilateral upper girdle
  3. Axial muscles
22
Q

What does the vestibular system provide

A

Rapid sensory indication of the rotation and linear movement of the head

23
Q

Where does the vestibular apparatus send signals

A

To the vestibular nuclei in the dorsal surface of the medulla via cranial nerve VIII

24
Q

What are the 4 vestibular nuclei that receive distinct but overlapping info

A
  1. Superior
  2. Medial
  3. Lateral
  4. Inferior
25
Q

Where do axons of the vestibular nuclei terminate on or near

A

Motor neurons for muscles of the legs, eyes, and neck

26
Q

Where does the medial vestibulospinal tract originate

A

Medial vestibular nucleus

27
Q

Where does the medial vestibulospinal tract descend

A

Bilaterally to cervical levels of the cord

28
Q

Where does the lateral vestibulospinal tract originate

A

Lateral, inferior, and superior to vestibular nuclei

29
Q

Where does the lateral vestibulospinal tract receive input from

A

Vestibulocerebellum

30
Q

What does the vestibulocerebellum modulae

A

Postural adjustments

31
Q

Where does the lateral vestibulospinal tract descend

A

Ipsilaterally to all levels of the cord

32
Q

What do both the medial and lateral vestibulospinal tracts control

A

Proximal muscles

33
Q

What does the lateral vestibulospinal tract cause to happen when you tip forward in raft

A

Stimulates extensor motor neurons in LE to adjust limbs and trunk musculature

34
Q

Where does the reticulospinal tract terminate

A

The entire cord

35
Q

What is the reticulospinal tract involved in

A

Automatic and anticipatory posturing and gait movements

36
Q

What are the 2 tracts of the reticulospinal tract

A
  1. Medullary (lateral)

2. Pontine (medial)

37
Q

What does the medullary tract off the reticulospinal tract do (3)

A
  1. Inhibits extensors and excites flexors
  2. Inhibits voluntary movements
  3. Reduces tone
38
Q

What does the pontine tract of the reticulospinal tract do (3)

A
  1. Excites extensors and inhibits flexors
  2. Facilitates voluntary movements
  3. Increases tone
39
Q

True or False:
Since we have feed forward processing we are able to predict changes in posture and generate an appropriate stabilizing response

A

True

40
Q

What is an example of the stabilizing response

A

The gastrocnemius fires when doing a biceps curl to prevent you from pulling yourself into the machine.

41
Q

What happened to cats if you inhibited the reticulospinal tract

A

Paw still moved but other legs do not

42
Q

Where does the tectospinal tract originate

A

Superior colliculus

43
Q

Where is the superior colliculus located

A

Tectum of the midbrain

44
Q

Where does the tectospinal tract decussate

A

Immediately in the midbrain

45
Q

Where does the tectospinal tract terminate

A

Largely in the upper cervical cord

46
Q

What does the tectospinal tract do

A

Coordinates head movements in response to rapid eye movements

47
Q

What does the tectospinal tract receive input from (2)

A
  1. Hearing

2. Eyes

48
Q

Is the tectum anterior or posterior on the midbrain

A

Posterior

49
Q

Is the tegmentum anterior or posterior on the midbrain

A

Anterior

50
Q

True or False:

The function of the tectospinal tract is very well understood in humans

A

False

Neuro 2 (20 decks)

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