Descartes

Question 1

saw animals as

Answer 1

machines

Question 2

Contrast to Aristotle

Answer 2

overturned 3 types of soles

Question 3

Reflex-arc (S-R) model

Answer 3

all animals are machines,behave in automatic ways

Question 4

ŸHydraulic model

Answer 4

environmental forces, stimulate nerves in the body, causes spinal fluid to rush to the brain and the organism moves, all animal behavior and involuntary human behavior

Question 5

free will

Answer 5

humans have and distinguishes us from animals

Question 6

Humans have souls

Answer 6

in pineal gland,can intervene to affect behavior by shunting human spirits in different direction

Question 7

ŸLocated in the pineal gland

Answer 7

thought to be located in center of brain, unique to humans, surrounded by human spirits(cerebral spinal fluid)

Question 8

quote

Answer 8

“Two different principles of movement are to be distinguished—the one entirely mechanical and the other incorporeal (that is to say, mind or soul…)”