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Family med > derm > Flashcards

derm Flashcards

1
Q

erysipelas usually caused by..

A

group a streptococci

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2
Q

folliculitis treatment

A
  • no abx
  • heat
  • if no resolution, topical mupirocin or chlorhexidine cleanser
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3
Q

skin abscess treatment

A

I&D

abx if febrile/immunocompromised/dieabetic

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4
Q

culture abscess?

A

yes, can help MRSA vs. MSSA

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5
Q

impetigo treatment

A

topical mupicirocin or bacitracin

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6
Q

ecthyma treatment

A

Cleanse with antibacterial wash followed by topical mupirocin + oral ceflex

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7
Q

if zoster recurs think

A

HIV

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8
Q

treatment of zoster

A

antiviral therapy within 2-3 hours of onset of rash may speed healing, decrease pain, and reduce incidence of postherpetic neuralgia.

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9
Q

what suggests stasis dermatitis vs. cellultis

A
  • bilateral, absence of fever/leukocytosis, minimal pain
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10
Q

stasis dermatitis treatment

A
  • topical glucocorticoids (if erythema and inflammation are present)
  • leg elevation
  • knee-level compression stockings
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11
Q

seborrheic dermatitis treatment

A
  • low potency glucocorticoids (face)
  • ketoconazole cream (face)
  • medicated shampoos containing ketoconazole or selenium sulfide (scalp)
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12
Q

guttate psoriases

A

immune condition usually triggered by URI with streptococcus pyogenes

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13
Q

aphthous ulcer treatment

A

topical analgesics + topical glucocorticoids

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14
Q

Behcet’s presentation

A

aphthous ulcers + urogenital ulceration’s + iridocyclitis

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15
Q

when to screen for dyslipidemia

A

35 for men at average risk for CAD

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16
Q

secondary causes of dyslipidemia

A

hypothyroidism, obstructive liver disease, nephrotic syndrome, alcoholism uncontrolled diabetes, smoking, kidney failure

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17
Q

4 groups expected to benefit from statin therapy

A

1) clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
2) LDL-C greater than 190 mg/dL
3) Diabetes and age 40-75 years with an LDL-C of 70-189 and no ASCVD
4) No ASCVD or DM and estimated 10-year ASCVD risk greater than 7.5%

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18
Q

high intensity statin therapy recommendation

A

1) LDL of 190 or greater if less than 75
2) AASCVD if less than 75
3) diabetes if 40-75 with LDL-C of 70-189 and 10-year ASCVD risk greater than 7.5

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19
Q

moderate intensity statin therapy recommendation

A

1) ASCVD if greater than 75 years of age

2) diabetics if 40-75 years of age with an LDL of 70-189 and 10-year risk less than 7.5

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20
Q

moderate intensity statin therapy recommendation

A

1) ASCVD if greater than 75 years of age

2) diabetics if 40-75 years of age with an LDL of 70-189 and 10-year risk less than 7.5

21
Q

lab to order before starting statin

A

aminotransferase (can elevate, greater than three times upper, don’t start)

22
Q

labs to order when person is on statin

A

lipid testing q12 months to ensure adherence

23
Q

other impt features of strep throat

A
  • absent cough

- tender anterior cervical adenopathy

24
Q

treatment of nodular (cystic) acne

A

Moderate: topical retinoid + benzoyl peroxide + topical antibiotics
severe: add oral antibiotics
unresponsive severe: oral isotretinoin

25
Q

treatment of inflammatory acne

A

mild: topical retinoids + benzoyl peroxide
moderate: add topical antibiotics
severe: add oral antibiotics

26
Q

treatment of comedonal acne

A

topical retinoids

27
Q

pressure (decubitus) ulcers

A
  • usually occur over bony prominences
28
Q

SJS vs. TEN

A

SJS denotes involvement of less than 10% of body surface area, TEN denotes greater than 30%

29
Q

epidermoid inclusion cysts vs. lipomas

A
  • Lipomas are usually soft to rubbery and irregular and do not regress or recur.
  • EICs are freely movable cysts or nodules with a small central punctum. Can gradually increase in size but usually resolve spontaneously.
30
Q

other acanthosis nigricans associations

A
  • PCOS (insulin resistance state)

- GI malignancy in older individuals

31
Q

catch about d-dimer

A

good test for patients with low pre-test probability. problem is FALSE POSITIVES. It has very good negative predictive value though.

32
Q

how to think about sensitivity

A

how often test picks up disease in population of patients with disease

33
Q

how to think about specificity

A

how often test is negative in population of patients without disease

34
Q

FOBT test

A

good sensitivity, good NPV

35
Q

alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency patient

A

young person who develops COPD

36
Q

stage III COPD management

A

1) long-acting bronchodilator (eg, tiotropium)
2) inhaled steroid (eg, fluticasone)
2) SABA on short-term basis

37
Q

symptoms of right heart failure

A

Liver congestion, JVD, lower extremity edema.

38
Q

mgmt of Rh negative woman

A
  • Figure out if she has ab’s with indirect coombs test –> if negative no isoimmunization and RhoGam is given at 28-week gestation and again at delivery if baby is confirmed as Rh positive. If antibody screen is negative –> assessment of titer will tell you how at risk fetus is.
39
Q

trisomy assessment for patient who doesn’t want invasive testing

A

US for nuchal translucency + serum hCG and PAPP-A can give risk for trisomy

40
Q

when kid is supposed to sit forward-facing

A
  • weighs more than 20 lbs

- older than 1

41
Q

DTaP recommended at ages

A

2,4,6, and 12-15 months

42
Q

oral polio vaccine for children?

A

not recommended. give inactivated, injectable

43
Q

MMR vaccination

A

ages 12-15 months, 4-6 years

44
Q

varicella vaccination?

A

12-15 months and 4-6 years

45
Q

chronic allergy drug

A

montelukast

46
Q

why second-generation antihistamines are better..

A

less sedating

47
Q

bupropion and varenicline pregnancy categories

A

C. can be used during pregnancy.

48
Q

most common cause of B12 dficiency

A

pernicious anemia (can be seen with vegetarians but the body’s b12 stores last several years before they are depleted)

Family med (48 decks)

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