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Family med > deck 1 > Flashcards

deck 1 Flashcards

1
Q

most common cause of pancreatitis

A

gallstones

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2
Q

IBS diagnostic features

A

The criteria include symptoms that are present for at least 12 weeks (not necessarily consecutive) in the previous 12 months, and pain that is characterized by two of the following three features: (1) relieved by defecation, (2) onset is associated with a change in stool frequency, or (3) onset is associated with a change in the form or appearance of stool.

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3
Q

dyspepsia etiology

A
  • no specific etiology found for 50-60% of patients
  • 15-25% have peptic ulcer disease
  • 5-15% have GERD
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4
Q

dyspepsia

A

chronic or recurrent discomfort centered around the upper abdomen

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5
Q

ASCUS with negative HPV….

A

repeat Pap in 1 year

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6
Q

Most common cause of IDA

A

blood loss

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7
Q

head lice treatment

A

1% permethrin ointment

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8
Q

cat bite treatment as oupatient

A

amoxicillin/clavulanic acid

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9
Q

cat bite management

A

hospitalization, unless superficial and doesn’t appear to be infected

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10
Q

discharge concerning for breast cancer

A

spontaneous, unilateral

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11
Q

pulmonary complication of RA

A

interstitial lung disease

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12
Q

polypharmacy defined as…

A

5 or more

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13
Q

cause of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients

A

4 I’s, infection/impregnation/ischemia. INFECTION, INFECTION, INFECTION

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14
Q

feature with highest likelihood of MI on ECG

A

ST-segment elevation

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15
Q

cardiac workup of patient with angina and low-risk

A

exercise ECG (cheaper and more convenient than stress testing)

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16
Q

labs to order for constipation workup

A

none, just thorough history unless alarm symptoms present (hematochezia, family history of colon cancer/IBD, positive FOBT, weight loss)

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17
Q

first line for constipation

A
  • non pharmacologic, then bulk-forming agents (like psyllium)
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18
Q

treatment of choice for impaction

A

enema

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19
Q

first line for pertussis

A

5 day course of azithromycin or 14 day course of erythromycin

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20
Q

supportive care for acute viral diarrhea

A
  • eat potatoes, rice, when, noodles, crackers, banana, yogurt, soup.
21
Q

foods to avoid with viral diarrhea

A

dairy, alcohol, caffeine

22
Q

1st line for peripheral vestibular disorder

A

antihistamines

23
Q

predictive value of BNP for CHF

A

very high. if normal, chance is near zero.

24
Q

mgmt of recurrent UTI post-coitus

A

1st line = single dose postcoital antibiotic use

2nd line = daily single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for 3-6 months

25
Q

dysuria + absent pyuria in postmenopausal woman cause or in younger woman

A

atrophy in older women, bladder irritant in younger women (caffeine, acidic foods)

26
Q

hematuria + dysuria + no pyuria

A

suspect interstitial cystitis

27
Q

interstitial cystitis workup

A

cystoscopy

28
Q

cystitis and pyelonephritis in men?

A

very uncommon

29
Q

acute prostatitis presentation

A

30-50 year old men, symptoms = frequency, urgency, back pain, acutely ill, pyuria

30
Q

TMJ dysfunction treatment

A

NSAIDS, heat, mechanical soft diet.

31
Q

finding insufficient to diagnose otitis media

A

reddened tympanic membrane (can be caused by increased intravascular pressure associated with crying)

32
Q

reliable findings for otitis media

A
  • opaque tympanic membrane
  • bulging tympanic membrane
  • impaired tympanic membrane mobility
33
Q

purulent discharge in ear canal suggests….

A

tympanic membrane perforation

34
Q

mgmt of kid with otitis that is treated and persistent effusions

A
  • monitor (can take up to 3 months to resolve)
35
Q

external otitis media treatment

A

Fundamental to the treatment of external otitis is protection from additional moisture and avoidance of further mechanical injury from scratching. Otic drops containing antibiotics and corticosteroids are very effective.

36
Q

meds that can cause peripheral edema

A

Antihypertensives, such as calcium channel blockers are well known to cause this, but direct vasodilators, β-blockers, centrally acting agents, and antisympathetics also can cause edema. Of the diabetic medications, insulin sensitizers, such as rosiglitazone often cause edema.

37
Q

edema workup

A

First thing to note is if the edema is bilateral or unilateral. Bilateral edema associated with signs and symptoms of CHF (dyspnea, rales, or JVD) would necessitate a chest x-ray to rule in the diagnosis, followed by an echocardiogram. If ascites is present, liver function studies are needed. If these are absent, the clinician should check an urinalysis. If the sediment is abnormal, nephritic syndrome or acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is the likely diagnosis.

38
Q

mgmt of chronic venous insufficiency

A

elastic stockings

39
Q

caveat about unilateral edema

A

usually does not respond to diuresis, sodium restore

tion, or an ACE inhibitor

40
Q

fatigue workup

A

1) screen for depression

2) if depression screen negative, screen for sleep apnea, anemia, hypothyroidism, and pregnancy

41
Q

mgmt of external hemorrhoid

A

local anesthesia and excision

42
Q

mgmt of internal hemorrhoids

A

rubber-band ligation and sclerotherapy

43
Q

anal fissure presentation

A

pain on defecation + hematochezia + complaint of ache or spasm that resolves after a couple of hours

44
Q

strongest evidence base for prophylactic migraine therapy

A

TCA’s (amitriptyline)

45
Q

HA warning signs

A
  • sudden onset, increase in severity or frequency with signs of systemic disease, focal neurologic symptoms, papilledema, onset after age of 50
46
Q

only CCB that works for migraines

A

verapamil

47
Q

cluster HA acute management

A

Oxygen should be tried first if available (eg, in a hospital or emergency clinic setting) since it is without side effects. Otherwise, subcutaneous sumatriptan 6 mg can be used as initial therapy.

48
Q

hematuria workup

A

In patients younger than 40 years with hematuria, but a normal IV pyelogram, urine culture and cytology, periodic
monitoring, and reassurance are appropriate. In a patient older than 40 years, cystoscopy would be appropriate.

Family med (48 decks)

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