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Family med > deck 35 > Flashcards

deck 35 Flashcards

1
Q

most beneficial therapy to reduce progression of diabetic nephropathy

A

strict blood pressure control

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2
Q

meds that can cause pancreatitis

A

valproic acid, diuretics, metronidazole

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3
Q

demographic for UC

A

bimodal distribution with second peak in 50-80

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4
Q

UC endoscopy

A

continuous involvement with erythematous and friable mucosa and ulcers

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5
Q

threshold for platelet transfusions

A

10,000

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6
Q

management of wide-complex tachycardia

A

anti arrhythmic drugs (amiodarone, procainamide, sotalol, lidocaine)

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7
Q

acalculous cholecystitis

A

acute inflammation of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones

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8
Q

acalculous cholecystitis setting

A

usually seen in hospitalized and severely ill patients

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9
Q

features suggesting arterial ulcer

A

location at tips of digits, diminished pulses, skin pallor, loss of hair, claudication

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10
Q

cause of anemia in CKD

A

epo deficiency

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11
Q

caveat about epo replacement with CKD

A

need to give iron too because eps-induced surge in RBC production can precipitate an iron-deficient state

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12
Q

zinc deficiency presentation

A

hypogonadism + impaired taste + impaired wound healing + alopecia + skin rash w/ perioral involvement

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13
Q

panendoscopy

A

triple endoscopy (esophagoscopy, bronchoscopy, laryngoscopy)

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14
Q

concern with untreated hyperthyroid patients

A

rapid bone loss from increased osteoclastic activity in bone cells + tachyarrhythmias including afib

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15
Q

secondary pneumonia in a young patient?

A
  • happens with MRSA following influenza.

- causes severe, necrotizing pneumonia that is rapidly progressive and often fatal

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16
Q

MRSA pneumonia in young patient presentation

A

high fever + productive cough w/ hemoptysis + multi lobar cavitary infiltrates

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17
Q

urinary infection with alkaline urine think..

A

proteus mirabilis

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18
Q

best markers indicating resolution of DKA

A

serum anion gap + beta-hydroxybutyrate levels

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19
Q

hypopituitarism features

A

glucocorticoid deficiency + hypogonadism + hypothyroidism

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20
Q

why are patients with MM at increased risk of infection?

A

bone marrow infiltration by neoplastic ells alters normal leukocyte population and causes hypogammaglobulinemia

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21
Q

caveat about adrenal insufficiency

A

patients can have cushingoid appearance with suppressed HPA axis

22
Q

how to confirm adrenal insufficiency

A

8 AM serum cortisol + plasma ACTH + ACTH stimulation test (plasma ACTH is slow, and cosyntropin fast is test, so cosyntropin usually ordered too)

23
Q

presentation of candida esophagitis

A

oral thrush + dysphagia/odynophagia

24
Q

malaria chemoprophylaxis

A

atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine

25
Q

presentation of myopathy w/ cushing’s

A
  • progressive painless muscle weakness predominantly involving proximal muscles
    (caused by direct effect of cortisol on skeletal muscle, leading to muscle atrophy)
26
Q

other findings in parvovirus infection in adults

A

fever, fatigue, diarrhea, rash

27
Q

management of ventilator-associated pneumonia

A

need lower respiratory tract sampling (gram stain and culture)

28
Q

caveat about b12 anemia

A

can look hemolytic with hyperbilirubinemia (increased intramedullary hemolysis of immature megaloblasts)

29
Q

other name for soap-bubble appearance of giant cell tumor

A

expansile and eccentric lytic area

30
Q

diabetic age group that needs statin regardless of lipid levels

A

40-75

31
Q

x-ray findings with osteomalacia

A

decreased bone density with thinning of cortex and pseudo fractures

32
Q

management of hypercalcemia of malignancy (cancer patients with bone mets)

A
  • bisphophonates (inhibit osteoclastic activity of bone, stabilizing destructive bony tumors and reducing risk of skeletal-related events such as pathologic fracture and malignant hypercalcemia)
33
Q

TTP treatment

A

life threatening, requires emergent plasma exchange

34
Q

cause of altered sensorium in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

A

high serum osmolality

35
Q

induced sputum for pneumocystis

A

often negative so need bronchoalveolar lavage

36
Q

management of PAC’s in asymptomatic patient

A

stop drinking alcohol and using tobacco

37
Q

management of PAC’s in symptomatic patient

A

beta-blockers

38
Q

salvage therapy definition

A

treatment for a disease when standard therapy fails

39
Q

how to prevent febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction

A

leukoreduction

40
Q

labs with lactose intolerance

A

positive hydrogen breath test
positive stool test for reducing substances
low stool pH
increased stool osmotic gap

41
Q

ethnic group in which lactose intolerance is most common

A

Asian-Americans

42
Q

standard test for lactose intolerance

A

hydrogen breath test

43
Q

metabolic abnormalities caused by hypothyroidism

A

hyperlipidemia (most hypothyroid its have hypercholesterolemia alone or combined hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia)
hyponatremia

44
Q

workup of isolated thrombocytopenia

A

Need to rule out Hep C and HIV before diagnosing ITP (can be initial presentation of HIV)

45
Q

other common causes of thrombocytopenia

A

alcohol use
EBV
B12/folate deficiency

46
Q

cardiomyopathy associated with acromegaly

A

concentric myocardial hypertrophy

47
Q

consequences of hyperestrinism in cirrhosis

A

gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, decreased body hair, spider angiomas, palmar erythema

48
Q

waldenstrom macroglobulinemia presentation

A

hyper viscosity syndrome + neuropathy + bleeding + HSM + lymphadenopathy

49
Q

waldenstrom on labs

A

hyper IgM

50
Q

positive urine bilirubin assay suggest

A

buildup of conjugated bilirubin (plasma buildup of conjugated bilirubin leaks into urine)

Family med (48 decks)

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