Dementia PP

Question 1

What is dementia?

Answer 1

An acquired brain disorder that is associated with the deterioration of intellectual, communicative, and behavioral functions.

Question 2

What are details associated with dementia?

Answer 2

It is sustained over a period of months or years; it’s progressive and irreversible in most cases.

Question 3

What is dementia often associated with?

Answer 3

Often associated with neurological diseases

Question 4

What component of language does dementia affect ?

Answer 4

Content (semantics/naming) more than form.

Question 5

What does dementia affect?

Answer 5

Recent memory, language (in any form, especially content), visuospatial function, and executive functions.

Question 6

What percentage of new admissions of long term care facilities are diagnosed with dementia?

Answer 6

As many as 48%

Question 7

What are the 6 types of dementia?

Answer 7

Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, Parkinson’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, Huntington’s disease, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Question 8

What is the 2nd most common type of dementia?

Answer 8

Vascular dementia

Question 9

What is vascular dementia caused by?

Answer 9

Brain damage from impaired blood flow to the brain or from other conditions that damage blood vessels and reduce circulation

Question 10

How can one develop vascular dementia?

Answer 10

After one has had multiple small strokes

Question 11

What health history may people with dementia have?

Answer 11

History of heart attacks, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes or other factors for heart diseases

Question 12

What causes Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 12

Abnormal protein deposits called “Lewy bodies” form in the brain’s nerve cells, mainly in a part of the brain that controls movement.

Question 13

What are the signs/symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 13

Tremors, stiffness, shuffled gait, lack of facial expression, impaired speech, problems with balance.

Question 14

Which type of dementia is relatively rare?

Answer 14

Frontotemporal dementia

Question 15

What are features of frontotemporal dementia?

Answer 15

Progresses more quickly that other types, tends to happen at younger ages, affect frontal and temporal lobes, no specific brain abnormality.

Question 16

What are signs that one may have frontotemporal dementia?

Answer 16

Changes in personality, judgement, planning and social skills; may make rude comments or make unwise decisions about important matters.

Question 17

What are details associated with Huntington’s disease?

Answer 17

Fatal and genetic; age and progression vary, anyone with a parent that had the dz has a 50% chance of getting it; if you get it then you will get the disorder.

Question 18

What are the signs and symptoms of Huntington’s disease?

Answer 18

Twitches, spasms, involuntary movement, hard to balance and coordinate, personality changes, hard to memorize, hard to focus, hard to make decisions

Question 19

What causes Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

Answer 19

Thiamine (B-1) deficiency which comes from alcoholism

Question 20

What are the details associated with Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome?

Answer 20

Two stage disorder: 1st stage is Wernicke Encephalopathy and is acute. 2nd stage is long-lasting and chronic, known as Korsakoff psychosis.

Question 21

What are symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease?

Answer 21

Confusion, hard to express and organize thoughts. Misplacing things, getting lost, changes in personality and behavior.

Question 22

What is the most common type of dementia?

Answer 22

Alzheimer’s diseases

Question 23

What may be the causes of Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 23

Genetic and environmental factors (head trauma, poor health, diabetes)

Question 24

What happens as Alzheimer’s diseases progresses?

Answer 24

Language worsens, unable to shift topics, errors in writing and reading, non-specific language (this/that/there)

Question 25

What is the goal of therapy for one with Alzheimer’s?

Answer 25

To maximize the pt’s level of performance potential and maximize the pts and family’s quality of interactions; it’s NOT to restore function.

Question 26

What does Alzheimer’s Disease cause?

Answer 26

damage to neurons, nerve fibers die and leads to atrophy; atrophy decreases the weight of the brain especially at the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and parietal lobe,