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SPV 327-Intro to Communication Disorders- > Apraxia And Cerebral Palsy PP > Flashcards

Apraxia And Cerebral Palsy PP Flashcards

1
Q

What is cerebral palsy?

A

A congenital, non-progressive lifelong disorder of body movement and muscle coordination

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2
Q

What are some causes of CP?

A

Oxygen deprivation, intracranial hemorrhages, infections or toxins, bacterial and viral infections, malnutrition, alcohol or drugs during pregnancy, accidents during pregnancy

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3
Q

What is the most common motor disability in childhood?

A

Cerebral palsy

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4
Q

What does cerebral palsy result from?

A

Faulty development or damage to motor areas in the brain disrupt the brain’s ability to sufficiently control movements and posture.

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5
Q

What may people with CP have?

A

May also have visual, learning, hearing, speech and intellectual impairments and/or epilepsy

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6
Q

What is spastic CP?

A

Most common type, spasticity, increased muscle tone, damage to upper motor neurons, movement is jerky, stiff, labored and slow

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7
Q

What is athenoid CP?

A

2nd most common type, slow, involuntary writhing, exaggerated volitional movements. Speech and breathing problems are more severe.

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8
Q

What is ataxic cerebral palsy?

A

Least common type; uncoordinated movement, disturbed balance, movements lack direction, force and control, affects cerebellum

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9
Q

How is respiration affected in athenoid cerebral palsy?

A

Generally reduced for speech production

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10
Q

How is phonation affected in athenoid CP?

A

Voice quality may be breathy or strained

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11
Q

How is resonance affected in athenoid cerebral palsy?

A

Often hypernasal because of weakness or discoordination

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12
Q

How is articulation affected in athenoid cerebral palsy?

A

Related to muscle tone and coordination

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13
Q

What number of individuals with CP have significant cognitive impairments?

A

1/3

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14
Q

How long may it take to confirm a diagnosis of CP if mild case and motor delays are the first sign?

A

May take up to 2 years

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15
Q

What are some etiologies or acquired motor speech disorders?

A

Myasthenia Gravis, TBI, Parkinson’s diseases, stroke, muscular dystrophy, Huntington’s chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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16
Q

What is one difference between dysarthria and apraxia of speech?

A

Dysarthria deals with speech sound distortions whereas apraxia of speech deals with speech sound substitutions

17
Q

How does fluency in dysarthria compare to flexing in apraxia of speech?

A

In dysarthria, the rate is rapid or slow. In apraxia of speech, there are islands of fluency.

18
Q

How does groping of articulators in dysarthria compare to groping of articulators in apraxia of speech?

A

In dysarthria, groping of articulators is rare, whereas in apraxia of speech, it is a hallmark sign

19
Q

What is speech in dysarthria compared to speech in apraxia of speech?

A

In dysarthria, there are consistent speech sound errors, whereas in apraxia, there are inconsistent sound substitutions

20
Q

What are speech characteristics of apraxia of speech?

A

Slow rate characterized by repetitions, prolongation, additions

21
Q

What does dysarthria affect?

A

It affects reactive, automatic, and volitional speech

22
Q

When does a person apraxia of speech display fluent speech?

A

When he or she is speaking reactively or automatically.

23
Q

When is a person with apraxia of speech non fluent?

A

When the person has to speak on demand or voluntarily.

24
Q

What does dysarthria consider?

A

Considers muscle weakness and/or discoordination in speech production subsystems.

25
Q

What does apraxia of speech deal with?

A

Deals with motor planning/sequencing for speech

26
Q

Even though CP is not curable, what can be done?

A

Training and therapy can help improve function.

27
Q

A study in 2008 by the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring CP (ADDM) network reveals what?

A

CP was more common among boys than among girls, CP was more common gaming black children than whites, most kids had spastic CP, many of them had at least one co-occurring condition.

28
Q

What percentage of children with CP in the 2008 ADDM study had co-occurring epilepsy?

A

41%

29
Q

What percentage of children with CP in the 2008 ADDM study had autism spectrum disorder?

A

6.9%

30
Q

What results did a 2006 MADDSP study show?

A

About 60% of 8 year old kids with CP had another developmental disability. 1 in 4 children with CP had both intellectual disability and epilepsy.

31
Q

What percentage of children with CP in the 2006 study had intellectual disability?

A

More than 40%

32
Q

What percentage of children with CP in the 2006 study has epilepsy?

A

35%

33
Q

What percentage of children with CP in the 2006 study had vision impairment?

A

More than 15%

SPV 327-Intro to Communication Disorders- (16 decks)

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