Deciduous woodland Flashcards
What species are located within a deciduous woodland
oak, beech, elm, and maple. Shub layer too
Why is there few plant species on the woodland floor in the summer
trees block out sunlight so there is little light for photosynthesis and therefore they cant survive
How does the biomass stores change throughout the seasons in a deciduous woodland
Summer: Mostly in biomass and soil and little in litter
Winter: mostly in litter and soil little in biomass
Autmn: most in biomass and litter little in soil
How do energy transfer leave and enter soil
loss by leaching, Up take from plants
Release as litter decomposes, input from weathered rock
How do energy transfer leave and enter litter
Loss in run off, release as litter decomposes
Input dissolved in rainfall, fall out as tissues die
How do energy transfer leave and enter biomass
Fall out as tissue die
Uptake by plants
Where are deciduous woodlands generally located on earth
40 and 60 degrees north of the equator
Oxidation
This occurs when oxygen combines wsith another substance ti create oxide compounds
What is hydration
Water reacts with rock to dissolve the compounds. THis can alter the rocks size and resistance to weathering etc
What is lithosere Succession
Plant succession that occurs on newly exposed rock
What is hydrosere succession
Plant sucession that occurs in open fresh water
What is the process of hydrosere succession
Stage 1: The deep water is colonised by a pioneer species such as algae, flying insects or birds.
Stage 2: Sediment get carried into the pond from rain water and this provides more biomass and humus from leaves.
Stage 3: Rooted plants colonise the edges of the pond and floating plants colonise the open water due to the better conditions and higher levels of nutrients. These new species like lilies etc are known are the early colonisers. Providing more shelter for other species.
Stage 4: sediment continues to build up as reeds surrounding the open water develop to form marshes on the pond margins, these reeds slowly expand inwards as the nutrient and humus levels increase inwards.
Stage 5: the soils around the edge start to dry and willow and ash trees begin to develop providing support, these trees remove more water from soil and oak trees begin to colonise
What is the process of lithosere succession
Can be found on Surtsey island
Stage 1:Lichens
Stage 2:Mosses
Stage 3:Grasses
Stage 4:Shrubs
Stage 5:Trees (climatic climax)
What is the definition of a biome?
A biome is an ecological area on a large scale with unique flora and fauna attributes adapted to the environmental conditions
what is biomass
the total weight of all biotic organisms per unit area
