Cardiff Bay Flashcards
What fuelled the inception of butetown
Coal and steal trade in the mid 19th century, as the UK exported internationally
What was butetown known for originally
Its diverse community and rich culture
Why did butetown have a diverse community
Due to it being located next to Cardiff port it had a constant infow of people, and some of which settled in butetown.
What caused the collapse of cardiff docks
Globalisation, other countries began to export coal and steel and the UK was outcompeted.
When did the coal trade peak
1913
What happened to butetown after the collapse of the coal and steal industry
There was mass unemployment, people left butetown to find new jobs. By the 1980s very deprived with high unemployment (50+%) – coal mines closed 1984 (Thatcherite policy) which effectively ended the coal and steel industry (1978 East Moors closed => 3000 jobs lost and 8000 indirect => major ‘downward multiplier’)
What goverment policy caused the shut down of cardiff docks
rationalisation
What government at the time introduced the rationalisation policy
Thatcher government
What did Thatcher set up in Cardiff to regenerate the area
CBDC (Cardiff Bay Development Corporation)
How much did the CBDC spend on Cardiff bays regeneration
£3 billion
Examples of developments created by the CBDC
Mermaid Quay - Shops and restaurants
Wales Millennium Centre
Welsh Parliament - senedd
Waterfront offices
1300 apartment and houses
Red dragon centre
Barrage - Creater lake
Why was the Barrage development controversial
The creation of the barrage meant that the muds flats surrounding the bay would be flooded and birds that nested there would be lost.
What did the CBDC do to replace the mud flats
They created artifical mudflats further down the coast
Where did the CBDC not invest properly
Butetown
What was the CBDC describing as doing with Butetown compared with other areas of Cardiff bay
‘Guilding the ghetto’ as other areas received millions of pounds of further investment while Butetown only received a new school, a youth centre, and walls around propertys
How did residents of Butetown describe the regeneration
‘Merely for yuppies and tourists’ - It didn’t actually benefit them
What did the development inadvertently do to the Butetown residents
It made them feel like outsiders to the area as they gained little investment in comparison to other areas.
What was the wall surrounding Butetown(due to the train station) known as
The Berlin Wall - as it basically separated a town or city that was formally together
What return did the CBDC hope to get, and what did they actually get
5:1 but they actualy got 2:1
How many jobs did the investment by the CBDC create
30,000 to 160,000
How many new properties did the CBDC create
6,000
when did the redevelopment take place
1987-2000
Limitations of the lake in Cardiff bay
Limitations of the lake in Cardiff Bay are:
- for the first year it couldn’t be used for water activities because it was still toxic
- involved getting rid of mudflats and the wading birds there
- but a wetland reserve was created outside St David’s hotel
- involved the creation of a km long barrage costing £120 million
How much money was spent on butetown between 1987-2000
£13 million
When was the second redevelopment of butetown
2001-present
Who carried out the second redevelopment of butetown?
Cardiff city Council
What happened during the second regenaration
he second regeneration created:
- present policies reinforced to uplift community giving residents facilities and funding to make a difference in the workplace
- vocational course
- new health centre
- neighbourhood retail hub
- employment support and learning centre
youth pavilion - boxing club
- Yemen community centre
How many languages were spoken in Butetown
Over 50
What proportion of individuels are economically inactive in Butetown
40%
What were the problems of the first redevelopment of butetown
Problems with the first development of Butetown were:
- much of the new youth centre equipment was stolen on the first night
- had to send out minibuses to get people out of bed and involve them
When was the localism act and what did it do
- encourage bottom up approach
- 2011
- Cardiff city council adopted a ‘communities first’ approach in partnership with the European Regional Development Programme and Cardiff Vale Authority
When was the urban gallery in Butetown completed and why was it good?
The urban gallery in Butetown was completed in summer 2016 and it was good because it engaged local community in every stage of the process
design originated from a need to mitigate hazardous wind speeds which regularly caused residents to fall.
Name 3 exogenous factors influencing Cardiff Bay?
3 exogenous factors influencing Cardiff Bay are:
TNCs moving in to the area
Tourists
Investments from European Regional Development Fund
Give 1 examples of a TNC in Cardiff Bay?
An example of a TNC in Cardiff Bay is:
KPMG (Anglo-Dutch)- one of the big four accounting organisations
Sapiens (insurance company)
What was the initial development of Cardiff bay seen as
Top-down approach
Which rivers did the barrage dam
Rivers Ely and Taff
What was the tidal range of the bay
14m - meant it was ugly for most of the day
How deprived is Butetown in relation to the country
2nd most deprived ward
