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Geography Alevel AQA > Cardiff Bay > Flashcards

Cardiff Bay Flashcards

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1
Q

What fuelled the inception of butetown

A

Coal and steal trade in the mid 19th century, as the UK exported internationally

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2
Q

What was butetown known for originally

A

Its diverse community and rich culture

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3
Q

Why did butetown have a diverse community

A

Due to it being located next to Cardiff port it had a constant infow of people, and some of which settled in butetown.

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4
Q

What caused the collapse of cardiff docks

A

Globalisation, other countries began to export coal and steel and the UK was outcompeted.

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5
Q

When did the coal trade peak

A

1913

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6
Q

What happened to butetown after the collapse of the coal and steal industry

A

There was mass unemployment, people left butetown to find new jobs. By the 1980s very deprived with high unemployment (50+%) – coal mines closed 1984 (Thatcherite policy) which effectively ended the coal and steel industry (1978 East Moors closed => 3000 jobs lost and 8000 indirect => major ‘downward multiplier’)

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7
Q

What goverment policy caused the shut down of cardiff docks

A

rationalisation

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8
Q

What government at the time introduced the rationalisation policy

A

Thatcher government

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9
Q

What did Thatcher set up in Cardiff to regenerate the area

A

CBDC (Cardiff Bay Development Corporation)

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10
Q

How much did the CBDC spend on Cardiff bays regeneration

A

£3 billion

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11
Q

Examples of developments created by the CBDC

A

Mermaid Quay - Shops and restaurants
Wales Millennium Centre
Welsh Parliament - senedd
Waterfront offices

1300 apartment and houses
Red dragon centre
Barrage - Creater lake

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12
Q

Why was the Barrage development controversial

A

The creation of the barrage meant that the muds flats surrounding the bay would be flooded and birds that nested there would be lost.

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13
Q

What did the CBDC do to replace the mud flats

A

They created artifical mudflats further down the coast

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14
Q

Where did the CBDC not invest properly

A

Butetown

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15
Q

What was the CBDC describing as doing with Butetown compared with other areas of Cardiff bay

A

‘Guilding the ghetto’ as other areas received millions of pounds of further investment while Butetown only received a new school, a youth centre, and walls around propertys

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16
Q

How did residents of Butetown describe the regeneration

A

‘Merely for yuppies and tourists’ - It didn’t actually benefit them

17
Q

What did the development inadvertently do to the Butetown residents

A

It made them feel like outsiders to the area as they gained little investment in comparison to other areas.

18
Q

What was the wall surrounding Butetown(due to the train station) known as

A

The Berlin Wall - as it basically separated a town or city that was formally together

19
Q

What return did the CBDC hope to get, and what did they actually get

A

5:1 but they actualy got 2:1

20
Q

How many jobs did the investment by the CBDC create

A

30,000 to 160,000

21
Q

How many new properties did the CBDC create

A

6,000

22
Q

when did the redevelopment take place

A

1987-2000

23
Q

Limitations of the lake in Cardiff bay

A

Limitations of the lake in Cardiff Bay are:

  • for the first year it couldn’t be used for water activities because it was still toxic
  • involved getting rid of mudflats and the wading birds there
  • but a wetland reserve was created outside St David’s hotel
  • involved the creation of a km long barrage costing £120 million
24
Q

How much money was spent on butetown between 1987-2000

A

£13 million

25
Q

When was the second redevelopment of butetown

A

2001-present

26
Q

Who carried out the second redevelopment of butetown?

A

Cardiff city Council

27
Q

What happened during the second regenaration

A

he second regeneration created:

  • present policies reinforced to uplift community giving residents facilities and funding to make a difference in the workplace
  • vocational course
  • new health centre
  • neighbourhood retail hub
  • employment support and learning centre
    youth pavilion
  • boxing club
  • Yemen community centre
28
Q

How many languages were spoken in Butetown

A

Over 50

29
Q

What proportion of individuels are economically inactive in Butetown

A

40%

30
Q

What were the problems of the first redevelopment of butetown

A

Problems with the first development of Butetown were:

  • much of the new youth centre equipment was stolen on the first night
  • had to send out minibuses to get people out of bed and involve them
31
Q

When was the localism act and what did it do

A
  • encourage bottom up approach
  • 2011
  • Cardiff city council adopted a ‘communities first’ approach in partnership with the European Regional Development Programme and Cardiff Vale Authority
32
Q

When was the urban gallery in Butetown completed and why was it good?

A

The urban gallery in Butetown was completed in summer 2016 and it was good because it engaged local community in every stage of the process
design originated from a need to mitigate hazardous wind speeds which regularly caused residents to fall.

33
Q

Name 3 exogenous factors influencing Cardiff Bay?

A

3 exogenous factors influencing Cardiff Bay are:

TNCs moving in to the area

Tourists

Investments from European Regional Development Fund

34
Q

Give 1 examples of a TNC in Cardiff Bay?

A

An example of a TNC in Cardiff Bay is:

KPMG (Anglo-Dutch)- one of the big four accounting organisations

Sapiens (insurance company)

35
Q

What was the initial development of Cardiff bay seen as

A

Top-down approach

36
Q

Which rivers did the barrage dam

A

Rivers Ely and Taff

37
Q

What was the tidal range of the bay

A

14m - meant it was ugly for most of the day

38
Q

How deprived is Butetown in relation to the country

A

2nd most deprived ward

Geography Alevel AQA (35 decks)

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