Dani - ch 1 Flashcards
____: scientific study of disease
pathology
pathology provides an understanding of 5 things
disease process causes mechanisms manifestations sequelae
_____: signs and symptoms
manifestations
study of diseases was based at first on ___ or ___ ___ of organs after death
autopsies
gross examination
___ ___: study of diseases was based at first on autopsies or gross examination of organs after death
morbid anatomy
____ ___: in the 18th century, the discovery of light microscopes enabled pathologists to detect tissue changes at cellular level
cellular pathology
in the 20th century, the electron microscope could reveal changes at ___ level
subcellular
____: diagnosis of disease through tissue examination
histopathology
histopathy is the diagnosis of disease through ____ ____
tissue examination
___: diagnosis of disease through examination of separated cells
cytopathology
cytopathology: diagnosis of disease through examination of ____ ___
separated cells
___ ___: study of diseases regarding biochemical changes in tissue and body fluids
chemical pathology
chemical pathology: study of diseases regarding ___ ____ in tissue and body fluids
biochemical changes
____ ____: application of pathology to legal purposes
forensic pathology
forensic pathology: application of pathology to ___ purposes
legal
____: study of poisons and their effects
toxicology
toxicology: study of ___ and their effects
poisons
___: study of disorders of blood cells and coagulation proteins
hematology
___: study of immune response in disease
immunology
_____: study of infectious diseases and responsible agents
microbiology
___: study of abnormal chromosomes and genes
genetics
____: damage by harmful agent + body’s reaction
disease
clinical picture = _____
manifestations
___: way in which normal went to abnormal
pathogenesis
2 difficulties to learning pathology
language
process
____: examination of tissue samples from living patients
biopsy
3 types of biopsies
needle
incisional
endoscopic
___ biopsy: using wide pored cutting needle to take tissue samples
needle
____ biopsy: surgical incision to take tissue samples
incisional
___ biopsy: visual guided instruments to take tissue samples
endoscopic
____: examination of scattered cells
cytology
____ cytology: pleural effusion
fluid
___ cytology: bronchial washing for lung cancer
washing
___-____ cytology: aspiration of solid tissue as breast mass
fine needle
____ cytology: scraped or brushed cells from epithelial surface as bronchus or cervix
exfoliative
____ pathology: biopsy, cytology, blood, and secretion and excretions
diagnostic
___: occurance
incidence
___: infectious agenst, chemical agents, physical agents or genetic abnormalities
etiology
____ ___: any abnormality restricted to a single disease –> of diagnostic importance
pathognomic abnormality
___: disease characterized by ___ ___
multiple findings
___: forecast of the probably outcome of a disease
prognosis
____ etiology: disease without any evident cause
primary
___ etiology: disease secondary or complication of some underlying cause
secondary
___ tumor: initial site
primary
___ tumor: tumor cells that disseminate producing secondary lesions in distant sites
secondary
____: distant spread regarding tumors
metastasis
____ course if disease: rapid onset and short course
acute
___ course of disease: insidious gradual onset and prolonged course
chronic
___ course of disease: between acute and chronic
subacute
_____ tumor: remain localized (capsulized), rarely fatal
benign
___ tumor: invade and spread from original site, commonly fatal
malignant
___-: above normal
hyper-
___-: below normal
hypo-
___-: change from one state to another
meta
-___: inflammation
itis
-___: swelling, tumor
-oma
-____: resembling
-oid
-___: disorder or growth
-plasia
-___: state, condition, process
osis
-___: abnormality lacking specific characteristics
opathy
___ ____: diseases named after a person or a place
eponymous names
____ disease: disease induced by healthcare providers words or actions
iatrogenic
____: related to physician or medicine
iatro