Cytokines Flashcards
TNF-a is secreted by
macrophages
TNF-a induces ______ via signaling at hypothalmic nuclei
fever
TNF-a promotes _______
inflammation
TNF-a works synergistically with _____ and ______ to induces the SIRS response
IL-1 and IL-6
TNF-a, IL-1, and IL-6 cause the hepatic release of which acute phase reactants?
CRP and fibrinogen
activates endothelium to increase vascular leak and causes WBC recruitment
TNF-a
Causes cachexia
TNF-a
IL-1 is secreted by
macrophages
pyrogen
IL-1
produces PGE2, which acts on hypothalmic nuclei
IL-1
activates endothelium to express adhesion molecules
IL-1
induces chemokine secretion to recruit WBCs
IL-1
promotes vasodilation and capillary permeability
IL-1
secreted by Helper T Cells (Th1)
IL-2
stimulates growth of all lymphocytes
IL-2
first cytokine produced by T cells after activation
IL-2
helps to amplify adaptive immune response
IL-2
stimulates NK cells
IL-2
secreted by all Helper T cells
IL-3
supports growth and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells
IL-3
secreted by Th2 cells
IL-4; IL-5; IL-10
induces differentiation of Th2 cells
IL-4
works in an autocrine fashion to amplify Th2 response
IL-4
enhances B cell growth
IL-4
enhances class switching to IgE
IL-4
stimulates growth and differentiation of eosinophils
IL-5
important in defense against parasitic infections
IL-5
enhances class switching to IgA
IL-5
IL-6 is secreted by
macrophages
IL-6 causes ______ via PGE2
fever
IL-6 promotes ________ via vasodialtion
inflammation
IL-8 is secreted by
macrophages
chemotaxis of neutrophils
IL-8
anti-inflammatory cytokine
IL-10
important for wound healing
IL-10
inhibits production of TNF-a, IFN-y, IL-2
IL-10
decreases expression of MCH II and Th1
IL-10
inhibits activation of macrophages and dendritic cells
IL-10
IL-12 is secreted by
macrophages
promotes defense against intracellular pathogens
IL-12
promotes differentiation of Th1 cells
IL-12
activates NKs
IL-12
TGF-b is secreted by
most cells in the body
major anti-inflammatory cytokine and growth factor
TGF-b
implicated in formation of scar tissues
TGF-b
produced via leukocytes and virally infected cells
IFN-a, IFN-b
slows viral replication by halting protein synthesis
IFN-a, IFN-b
degrades mRNA in virally infected cells
IFN-a, IFN-b
used in the treatment of viral infections
IFN-a, IFN-b
secreted by Th1 and NKs
IFN-y
activates macrophages
IFN-y
involved in phagocytosis of granuloma
IFN-y
creates a reinforcing feedback loop, since macrophages produce IL-12 to stimulate Th1 cells
IFN-y
